mirror of https://github.com/docker/cli.git
261 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
261 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "create"
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description: "The create command description and usage"
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keywords: "docker, create, container"
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---
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<!-- This file is maintained within the docker/cli GitHub
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# create
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Creates a new container.
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```markdown
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Usage: docker create [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
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Create a new container
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Options:
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--add-host value Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip) (default [])
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-a, --attach value Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR (default [])
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--blkio-weight value Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000
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--blkio-weight-device value Block IO weight (relative device weight) (default [])
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--cap-add value Add Linux capabilities (default [])
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--cap-drop value Drop Linux capabilities (default [])
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--cgroup-parent string Optional parent cgroup for the container
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--cidfile string Write the container ID to the file
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--cpu-count int The number of CPUs available for execution by the container.
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Windows daemon only. On Windows Server containers, this is
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approximated as a percentage of total CPU usage.
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--cpu-percent int CPU percent (Windows only)
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--cpu-period int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period
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--cpu-quota int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota
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-c, --cpu-shares int CPU shares (relative weight)
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--cpus NanoCPUs Number of CPUs (default 0.000)
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--cpu-rt-period int Limit the CPU real-time period in microseconds
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--cpu-rt-runtime int Limit the CPU real-time runtime in microseconds
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--cpuset-cpus string CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
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--cpuset-mems string MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
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--device value Add a host device to the container (default [])
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--device-cgroup-rule value Add a rule to the cgroup allowed devices list
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--device-read-bps value Limit read rate (bytes per second) from a device (default [])
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--device-read-iops value Limit read rate (IO per second) from a device (default [])
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--device-write-bps value Limit write rate (bytes per second) to a device (default [])
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--device-write-iops value Limit write rate (IO per second) to a device (default [])
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--disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true)
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--dns value Set custom DNS servers (default [])
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--dns-option value Set DNS options (default [])
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--dns-search value Set custom DNS search domains (default [])
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--entrypoint string Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image
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-e, --env value Set environment variables (default [])
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--env-file value Read in a file of environment variables (default [])
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--expose value Expose a port or a range of ports (default [])
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--group-add value Add additional groups to join (default [])
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--health-cmd string Command to run to check health
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--health-interval duration Time between running the check (ns|us|ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
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--health-retries int Consecutive failures needed to report unhealthy
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--health-timeout duration Maximum time to allow one check to run (ns|us|ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
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--health-start-period duration Start period for the container to initialize before counting retries towards unstable (ns|us|ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
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--help Print usage
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-h, --hostname string Container host name
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--init Run an init inside the container that forwards signals and reaps processes
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-i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached
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--io-maxbandwidth string Maximum IO bandwidth limit for the system drive (Windows only)
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--io-maxiops uint Maximum IOps limit for the system drive (Windows only)
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--ip string IPv4 address (e.g., 172.30.100.104)
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--ip6 string IPv6 address (e.g., 2001:db8::33)
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--ipc string IPC namespace to use
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--isolation string Container isolation technology
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--kernel-memory string Kernel memory limit
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-l, --label value Set meta data on a container (default [])
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--label-file value Read in a line delimited file of labels (default [])
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--link value Add link to another container (default [])
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--link-local-ip value Container IPv4/IPv6 link-local addresses (default [])
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--log-driver string Logging driver for the container
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--log-opt value Log driver options (default [])
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--mac-address string Container MAC address (e.g., 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33)
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-m, --memory string Memory limit
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--memory-reservation string Memory soft limit
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--memory-swap string Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1' to enable unlimited swap
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--memory-swappiness int Tune container memory swappiness (0 to 100) (default -1)
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--mount value Attach a filesystem mount to the container (default [])
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--name string Assign a name to the container
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--network-alias value Add network-scoped alias for the container (default [])
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--network string Connect a container to a network (default "default")
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'bridge': create a network stack on the default Docker bridge
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'none': no networking
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'container:<name|id>': reuse another container's network stack
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'host': use the Docker host network stack
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'<network-name>|<network-id>': connect to a user-defined network
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--no-healthcheck Disable any container-specified HEALTHCHECK
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--oom-kill-disable Disable OOM Killer
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--oom-score-adj int Tune host's OOM preferences (-1000 to 1000)
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--pid string PID namespace to use
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--pids-limit int Tune container pids limit (set -1 for unlimited), kernel >= 4.3
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--privileged Give extended privileges to this container
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-p, --publish value Publish a container's port(s) to the host (default [])
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-P, --publish-all Publish all exposed ports to random ports
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--read-only Mount the container's root filesystem as read only
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--restart string Restart policy to apply when a container exits (default "no")
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Possible values are: no, on-failure[:max-retry], always, unless-stopped
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--rm Automatically remove the container when it exits
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--runtime string Runtime to use for this container
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--security-opt value Security Options (default [])
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--shm-size bytes Size of /dev/shm
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The format is `<number><unit>`. `number` must be greater than `0`.
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Unit is optional and can be `b` (bytes), `k` (kilobytes), `m` (megabytes),
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or `g` (gigabytes). If you omit the unit, the system uses bytes.
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--stop-signal string Signal to stop a container (default "SIGTERM")
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--stop-timeout=10 Timeout (in seconds) to stop a container
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--storage-opt value Storage driver options for the container (default [])
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--sysctl value Sysctl options (default map[])
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--tmpfs value Mount a tmpfs directory (default [])
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-t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY
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--ulimit value Ulimit options (default [])
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-u, --user string Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
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--userns string User namespace to use
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'host': Use the Docker host user namespace
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'': Use the Docker daemon user namespace specified by `--userns-remap` option.
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--uts string UTS namespace to use
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-v, --volume value Bind mount a volume (default []). The format
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is `[host-src:]container-dest[:<options>]`.
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The comma-delimited `options` are [rw|ro],
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[z|Z], [[r]shared|[r]slave|[r]private],
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[delegated|cached|consistent], and
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[nocopy]. The 'host-src' is an absolute path
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or a name value.
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--volume-driver string Optional volume driver for the container
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--volumes-from value Mount volumes from the specified container(s) (default [])
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-w, --workdir string Working directory inside the container
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```
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## Description
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The `docker create` command creates a writeable container layer over the
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specified image and prepares it for running the specified command. The
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container ID is then printed to `STDOUT`. This is similar to `docker run -d`
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except the container is never started. You can then use the
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`docker start <container_id>` command to start the container at any point.
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This is useful when you want to set up a container configuration ahead of time
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so that it is ready to start when you need it. The initial status of the
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new container is `created`.
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Please see the [run command](run.md) section and the [Docker run reference](../run.md) for more details.
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## Examples
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### Create and start a container
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```bash
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$ docker create -t -i fedora bash
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6d8af538ec541dd581ebc2a24153a28329acb5268abe5ef868c1f1a261221752
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$ docker start -a -i 6d8af538ec5
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bash-4.2#
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```
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### Initialize volumes
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As of v1.4.0 container volumes are initialized during the `docker create` phase
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(i.e., `docker run` too). For example, this allows you to `create` the `data`
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volume container, and then use it from another container:
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```bash
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$ docker create -v /data --name data ubuntu
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240633dfbb98128fa77473d3d9018f6123b99c454b3251427ae190a7d951ad57
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$ docker run --rm --volumes-from data ubuntu ls -la /data
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total 8
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drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 5 04:10 .
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drwxr-xr-x 48 root root 4096 Dec 5 04:11 ..
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```
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Similarly, `create` a host directory bind mounted volume container, which can
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then be used from the subsequent container:
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```bash
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$ docker create -v /home/docker:/docker --name docker ubuntu
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9aa88c08f319cd1e4515c3c46b0de7cc9aa75e878357b1e96f91e2c773029f03
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$ docker run --rm --volumes-from docker ubuntu ls -la /docker
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total 20
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drwxr-sr-x 5 1000 staff 180 Dec 5 04:00 .
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drwxr-xr-x 48 root root 4096 Dec 5 04:13 ..
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-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 staff 3833 Dec 5 04:01 .ash_history
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-rw-r--r-- 1 1000 staff 446 Nov 28 11:51 .ashrc
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-rw-r--r-- 1 1000 staff 25 Dec 5 04:00 .gitconfig
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drwxr-sr-x 3 1000 staff 60 Dec 1 03:28 .local
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-rw-r--r-- 1 1000 staff 920 Nov 28 11:51 .profile
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drwx--S--- 2 1000 staff 460 Dec 5 00:51 .ssh
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drwxr-xr-x 32 1000 staff 1140 Dec 5 04:01 docker
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```
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Set storage driver options per container.
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```bash
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$ docker create -it --storage-opt size=120G fedora /bin/bash
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```
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This (size) will allow to set the container rootfs size to 120G at creation time.
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This option is only available for the `devicemapper`, `btrfs`, `overlay2`,
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`windowsfilter` and `zfs` graph drivers.
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For the `devicemapper`, `btrfs`, `windowsfilter` and `zfs` graph drivers,
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user cannot pass a size less than the Default BaseFS Size.
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For the `overlay2` storage driver, the size option is only available if the
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backing fs is `xfs` and mounted with the `pquota` mount option.
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Under these conditions, user can pass any size less than the backing fs size.
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### Specify isolation technology for container (--isolation)
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This option is useful in situations where you are running Docker containers on
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Windows. The `--isolation=<value>` option sets a container's isolation
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technology. On Linux, the only supported is the `default` option which uses
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Linux namespaces. On Microsoft Windows, you can specify these values:
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| Value | Description |
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|-----------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| `default` | Use the value specified by the Docker daemon's `--exec-opt` . If the `daemon` does not specify an isolation technology, Microsoft Windows uses `process` as its default value if the
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daemon is running on Windows server, or `hyperv` if running on Windows client. |
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| `process` | Namespace isolation only. |
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| `hyperv` | Hyper-V hypervisor partition-based isolation. |
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Specifying the `--isolation` flag without a value is the same as setting `--isolation="default"`.
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### Dealing with dynamically created devices (--device-cgroup-rule)
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Devices available to a container are assigned at creation time. The
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assigned devices will both be added to the cgroup.allow file and
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created into the container once it is run. This poses a problem when
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a new device needs to be added to running container.
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One of the solution is to add a more permissive rule to a container
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allowing it access to a wider range of devices. For example, supposing
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our container needs access to a character device with major `42` and
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any number of minor number (added as new devices appear), the
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following rule would be added:
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```
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docker create --device-cgroup-rule='c 42:* rmw' -name my-container my-image
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```
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Then, a user could ask `udev` to execute a script that would `docker exec my-container mknod newDevX c 42 <minor>`
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the required device when it is added.
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NOTE: initially present devices still need to be explicitly added to
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the create/run command
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