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DockerCLI/docs/extend/index.md

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---
title: Docker Engine managed plugin system
description: Develop and use a plugin with the managed plugin system
keywords: "API, Usage, plugins, documentation, developer"
aliases:
- "/engine/extend/plugins_graphdriver/"
---
- [Installing and using a plugin](index.md#installing-and-using-a-plugin)
- [Developing a plugin](index.md#developing-a-plugin)
- [Debugging plugins](index.md#debugging-plugins)
Docker Engine's plugin system lets you install, start, stop, and remove
plugins using Docker Engine.
For information about legacy (non-managed) plugins, refer to
[Understand legacy Docker Engine plugins](legacy_plugins.md).
> **Note**
>
> Docker Engine managed plugins are currently not supported on Windows daemons.
## Installing and using a plugin
Plugins are distributed as Docker images and can be hosted on Docker Hub or on
a private registry.
To install a plugin, use the `docker plugin install` command, which pulls the
plugin from Docker Hub or your private registry, prompts you to grant
permissions or capabilities if necessary, and enables the plugin.
To check the status of installed plugins, use the `docker plugin ls` command.
Plugins that start successfully are listed as enabled in the output.
After a plugin is installed, you can use it as an option for another Docker
operation, such as creating a volume.
In the following example, you install the `sshfs` plugin, verify that it is
enabled, and use it to create a volume.
> **Note**
>
> This example is intended for instructional purposes only. Once the volume is
> created, your SSH password to the remote host is exposed as plaintext when
> inspecting the volume. Delete the volume as soon as you are done with the
> example.
1. Install the `sshfs` plugin.
```console
$ docker plugin install vieux/sshfs
Plugin "vieux/sshfs" is requesting the following privileges:
- network: [host]
- capabilities: [CAP_SYS_ADMIN]
Do you grant the above permissions? [y/N] y
vieux/sshfs
```
The plugin requests 2 privileges:
- It needs access to the `host` network.
- It needs the `CAP_SYS_ADMIN` capability, which allows the plugin to run
the `mount` command.
2. Check that the plugin is enabled in the output of `docker plugin ls`.
```console
$ docker plugin ls
ID NAME TAG DESCRIPTION ENABLED
69553ca1d789 vieux/sshfs latest the `sshfs` plugin true
```
3. Create a volume using the plugin.
This example mounts the `/remote` directory on host `1.2.3.4` into a
volume named `sshvolume`.
This volume can now be mounted into containers.
```console
$ docker volume create \
-d vieux/sshfs \
--name sshvolume \
-o sshcmd=user@1.2.3.4:/remote \
-o password=$(cat file_containing_password_for_remote_host)
sshvolume
```
4. Verify that the volume was created successfully.
```console
$ docker volume ls
DRIVER NAME
vieux/sshfs sshvolume
```
5. Start a container that uses the volume `sshvolume`.
```console
$ docker run --rm -v sshvolume:/data busybox ls /data
<content of /remote on machine 1.2.3.4>
```
6. Remove the volume `sshvolume`
```console
$ docker volume rm sshvolume
sshvolume
```
To disable a plugin, use the `docker plugin disable` command. To completely
remove it, use the `docker plugin remove` command. For other available
commands and options, see the
[command line reference](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/cli/).
## Developing a plugin
#### The rootfs directory
The `rootfs` directory represents the root filesystem of the plugin. In this
example, it was created from a Dockerfile:
> **Note**
>
> The `/run/docker/plugins` directory is mandatory inside of the
> plugin's filesystem for Docker to communicate with the plugin.
```console
$ git clone https://github.com/vieux/docker-volume-sshfs
$ cd docker-volume-sshfs
$ docker build -t rootfsimage .
$ id=$(docker create rootfsimage true) # id was cd851ce43a403 when the image was created
$ sudo mkdir -p myplugin/rootfs
$ sudo docker export "$id" | sudo tar -x -C myplugin/rootfs
$ docker rm -vf "$id"
$ docker rmi rootfsimage
```
#### The config.json file
The `config.json` file describes the plugin. See the [plugins config reference](config.md).
Consider the following `config.json` file.
```json
{
"description": "sshFS plugin for Docker",
"documentation": "https://docs.docker.com/engine/extend/plugins/",
"entrypoint": ["/docker-volume-sshfs"],
"network": {
"type": "host"
},
"interface": {
"types": ["docker.volumedriver/1.0"],
"socket": "sshfs.sock"
},
"linux": {
"capabilities": ["CAP_SYS_ADMIN"]
}
}
```
This plugin is a volume driver. It requires a `host` network and the
`CAP_SYS_ADMIN` capability. It depends upon the `/docker-volume-sshfs`
entrypoint and uses the `/run/docker/plugins/sshfs.sock` socket to communicate
with Docker Engine. This plugin has no runtime parameters.
#### Creating the plugin
A new plugin can be created by running
`docker plugin create <plugin-name> ./path/to/plugin/data` where the plugin
data contains a plugin configuration file `config.json` and a root filesystem
in subdirectory `rootfs`.
After that the plugin `<plugin-name>` will show up in `docker plugin ls`.
Plugins can be pushed to remote registries with
`docker plugin push <plugin-name>`.
## Debugging plugins
Stdout of a plugin is redirected to dockerd logs. Such entries have a
`plugin=<ID>` suffix. Here are a few examples of commands for pluginID
`f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62` and their
corresponding log entries in the docker daemon logs.
```console
$ docker plugin install tiborvass/sample-volume-plugin
INFO[0036] Starting... Found 0 volumes on startup plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62
```
```console
$ docker volume create -d tiborvass/sample-volume-plugin samplevol
INFO[0193] Create Called... Ensuring directory /data/samplevol exists on host... plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62
INFO[0193] open /var/lib/docker/plugin-data/local-persist.json: no such file or directory plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62
INFO[0193] Created volume samplevol with mountpoint /data/samplevol plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62
INFO[0193] Path Called... Returned path /data/samplevol plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62
```
```console
$ docker run -v samplevol:/tmp busybox sh
INFO[0421] Get Called... Found samplevol plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62
INFO[0421] Mount Called... Mounted samplevol plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62
INFO[0421] Path Called... Returned path /data/samplevol plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62
INFO[0421] Unmount Called... Unmounted samplevol plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62
```
#### Using runc to obtain logfiles and shell into the plugin.
Use `runc`, the default docker container runtime, for debugging plugins by
collecting plugin logs redirected to a file.
```console
$ sudo runc --root /run/docker/runtime-runc/plugins.moby list
ID PID STATUS BUNDLE CREATED OWNER
93f1e7dbfe11c938782c2993628c895cf28e2274072c4a346a6002446c949b25 15806 running /run/docker/containerd/daemon/io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux/moby-plugins/93f1e7dbfe11c938782c2993628c895cf28e2274072c4a346a6002446c949b25 2018-02-08T21:40:08.621358213Z root
9b4606d84e06b56df84fadf054a21374b247941c94ce405b0a261499d689d9c9 14992 running /run/docker/containerd/daemon/io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux/moby-plugins/9b4606d84e06b56df84fadf054a21374b247941c94ce405b0a261499d689d9c9 2018-02-08T21:35:12.321325872Z root
c5bb4b90941efcaccca999439ed06d6a6affdde7081bb34dc84126b57b3e793d 14984 running /run/docker/containerd/daemon/io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux/moby-plugins/c5bb4b90941efcaccca999439ed06d6a6affdde7081bb34dc84126b57b3e793d 2018-02-08T21:35:12.321288966Z root
```
```console
$ sudo runc --root /run/docker/runtime-runc/plugins.moby exec 93f1e7dbfe11c938782c2993628c895cf28e2274072c4a346a6002446c949b25 cat /var/log/plugin.log
```
If the plugin has a built-in shell, then exec into the plugin can be done as
follows:
```console
$ sudo runc --root /run/docker/runtime-runc/plugins.moby exec -t 93f1e7dbfe11c938782c2993628c895cf28e2274072c4a346a6002446c949b25 sh
```
#### Using curl to debug plugin socket issues.
To verify if the plugin API socket that the docker daemon communicates with
is responsive, use curl. In this example, we will make API calls from the
docker host to volume and network plugins using curl 7.47.0 to ensure that
the plugin is listening on the said socket. For a well functioning plugin,
these basic requests should work. Note that plugin sockets are available on the host under `/var/run/docker/plugins/<pluginID>`
```console
$ curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST -d '{}' --unix-socket /var/run/docker/plugins/e8a37ba56fc879c991f7d7921901723c64df6b42b87e6a0b055771ecf8477a6d/plugin.sock http:/VolumeDriver.List
{"Mountpoint":"","Err":"","Volumes":[{"Name":"myvol1","Mountpoint":"/data/myvol1"},{"Name":"myvol2","Mountpoint":"/data/myvol2"}],"Volume":null}
```
```console
$ curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST -d '{}' --unix-socket /var/run/docker/plugins/45e00a7ce6185d6e365904c8bcf62eb724b1fe307e0d4e7ecc9f6c1eb7bcdb70/plugin.sock http:/NetworkDriver.GetCapabilities
{"Scope":"local"}
```
When using curl 7.5 and above, the URL should be of the form
`http://hostname/APICall`, where `hostname` is the valid hostname where the
plugin is installed and `APICall` is the call to the plugin API.
For example, `http://localhost/VolumeDriver.List`
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