Merge e2986f4467 into 917d2dc837

update to go1.23.3

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
         name: Update Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: 1.22.7
+          go-version: 1.23.3
       -
         name: Initialize CodeQL
         uses: github/codeql-action/init@v3

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:
         name: Set up Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: 1.22.7
+          go-version: 1.23.3
       -
         name: Test
         run: |

.golangci.yml

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 linters:
   enable:
     - bodyclose
+    - copyloopvar   # Detects places where loop variables are copied.
     - depguard
     - dogsled
     - dupword       # Detects duplicate words.
     - durationcheck
     - errchkjson
-    - exportloopref # Detects pointers to enclosing loop variables.
     - gocritic      # Metalinter; detects bugs, performance, and styling issues.
     - gocyclo
     - gofumpt       # Detects whether code was gofumpt-ed.
@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@ linters:
     - errcheck
 
 run:
+  # prevent golangci-lint from deducting the go version to lint for through go.mod,
+  # which causes it to fallback to go1.17 semantics.
+  go: "1.23.3"
   timeout: 5m
 
 linters-settings:
@@ -52,6 +55,13 @@ linters-settings:
             desc: The io/ioutil package has been deprecated, see https://go.dev/doc/go1.16#ioutil
   gocyclo:
     min-complexity: 16
+  gosec:
+    excludes:
+      - G104 # G104: Errors unhandled; (TODO: reduce unhandled errors, or explicitly ignore)
+      - G113 # G113: Potential uncontrolled memory consumption in Rat.SetString (CVE-2022-23772); (only affects go < 1.16.14. and go < 1.17.7)
+      - G115 # G115: integer overflow conversion; (TODO: verify these: https://github.com/docker/cli/issues/5584)
+      - G306 # G306: Expect WriteFile permissions to be 0600 or less (too restrictive; also flags "0o644" permissions)
+      - G307 # G307: Deferring unsafe method "*os.File" on type "Close" (also EXC0008); (TODO: evaluate these and fix where needed: G307: Deferring unsafe method "*os.File" on type "Close")
   govet:
     enable:
       - shadow
@@ -87,6 +97,10 @@ issues:
   # The default exclusion rules are a bit too permissive, so copying the relevant ones below
   exclude-use-default: false
 
+  # This option has been defined when Go modules was not existed and when the
+  # golangci-lint core was different, this is not something we still recommend.
+  exclude-dirs-use-default: false
+
   exclude:
     - parameter .* always receives
 
@@ -104,6 +118,9 @@ issues:
     #
     # These exclusion patterns are copied from the default excluses at:
     # https://github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/blob/v1.44.0/pkg/config/issues.go#L10-L104
+    #
+    # The default list of exclusions can be found at:
+    # https://golangci-lint.run/usage/false-positives/#default-exclusions
 
     # EXC0001
     - text: "Error return value of .((os\\.)?std(out|err)\\..*|.*Close|.*Flush|os\\.Remove(All)?|.*print(f|ln)?|os\\.(Un)?Setenv). is not checked"
@@ -121,11 +138,6 @@ issues:
     - text: "Subprocess launch(ed with variable|ing should be audited)"
       linters:
         - gosec
-    # EXC0008
-    # TODO: evaluate these and fix where needed: G307: Deferring unsafe method "*os.File" on type "Close" (gosec)
-    - text: "G307"
-      linters:
-        - gosec
     # EXC0009
     - text: "(Expect directory permissions to be 0750 or less|Expect file permissions to be 0600 or less)"
       linters:
@@ -135,26 +147,6 @@ issues:
       linters:
         - gosec
 
-    # G113 Potential uncontrolled memory consumption in Rat.SetString (CVE-2022-23772)
-    # only affects gp < 1.16.14. and go < 1.17.7
-    - text: "G113"
-      linters:
-        - gosec
-    # TODO: G104: Errors unhandled. (gosec)
-    - text: "G104"
-      linters:
-        - gosec
-    # Looks like the match in "EXC0007" above doesn't catch this one
-    # TODO: consider upstreaming this to golangci-lint's default exclusion rules
-    - text: "G204: Subprocess launched with a potential tainted input or cmd arguments"
-      linters:
-        - gosec
-    # Looks like the match in "EXC0009" above doesn't catch this one
-    # TODO: consider upstreaming this to golangci-lint's default exclusion rules
-    - text: "G306: Expect WriteFile permissions to be 0600 or less"
-      linters:
-        - gosec
-
     # TODO: make sure all packages have a description. Currently, there's 67 packages without.
     - text: "package-comments: should have a package comment"
       linters:

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ anybody starts working on it.
 We are always thrilled to receive pull requests. We do our best to process them
 quickly. If your pull request is not accepted on the first try,
 don't get discouraged! Our contributor's guide explains [the review process we
-use for simple changes](https://docs.docker.com/opensource/workflow/make-a-contribution/).
+use for simple changes](https://github.com/docker/docker/blob/master/project/REVIEWING.md).
 
 ### Talking to other Docker users and contributors
 
@@ -124,8 +124,8 @@ submitting a pull request.
 Update the documentation when creating or modifying features. Test your
 documentation changes for clarity, concision, and correctness, as well as a
 clean documentation build. See our contributors guide for [our style
-guide](https://docs.docker.com/opensource/doc-style) and instructions on [building
-the documentation](https://docs.docker.com/opensource/project/test-and-docs/#build-and-test-the-documentation).
+guide](https://docs.docker.com/contribute/style/grammar/) and instructions on [building
+the documentation](https://docs.docker.com/contribute/).
 
 Write clean code. Universally formatted code promotes ease of writing, reading,
 and maintenance. Always run `gofmt -s -w file.go` on each changed file before

Dockerfile

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ARG BASE_VARIANT=alpine
 ARG ALPINE_VERSION=3.20
 ARG BASE_DEBIAN_DISTRO=bookworm
 
-ARG GO_VERSION=1.22.7
+ARG GO_VERSION=1.23.3
 ARG XX_VERSION=1.5.0
 ARG GOVERSIONINFO_VERSION=v1.3.0
 ARG GOTESTSUM_VERSION=v1.10.0

README.md

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 # Docker CLI
 
-[![PkgGoDev](https://img.shields.io/badge/go.dev-docs-007d9c?logo=go&logoColor=white)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/docker/cli)
+[![PkgGoDev](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/github.com/docker/cli)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/docker/cli)
 [![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/docker/cli/build.yml?branch=master&label=build&logo=github)](https://github.com/docker/cli/actions?query=workflow%3Abuild)
 [![Test Status](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/docker/cli/test.yml?branch=master&label=test&logo=github)](https://github.com/docker/cli/actions?query=workflow%3Atest)
 [![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/docker/cli)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/docker/cli)
+[![OpenSSF Scorecard](https://api.scorecard.dev/projects/github.com/docker/cli/badge)](https://scorecard.dev/viewer/?uri=github.com/docker/cli)
 [![Codecov](https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/docker/cli?logo=codecov)](https://codecov.io/gh/docker/cli)
 
 ## About

cli-plugins/manager/candidate.go

@@ -17,5 +17,5 @@ func (c *candidate) Path() string {
 }
 
 func (c *candidate) Metadata() ([]byte, error) {
-	return exec.Command(c.path, MetadataSubcommandName).Output()
+	return exec.Command(c.path, MetadataSubcommandName).Output() // #nosec G204 -- ignore "Subprocess launched with a potential tainted input or cmd arguments"
 }

cli-plugins/manager/cobra.go

@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ func AddPluginCommandStubs(dockerCli command.Cli, rootCmd *cobra.Command) (err e
 			return
 		}
 		for _, p := range plugins {
-			p := p
 			vendor := p.Vendor
 			if vendor == "" {
 				vendor = "unknown"

cli-plugins/manager/manager.go

@@ -240,7 +240,8 @@ func PluginRunCommand(dockerCli command.Cli, name string, rootcmd *cobra.Command
 			// TODO: why are we not returning plugin.Err?
 			return nil, errPluginNotFound(name)
 		}
-		cmd := exec.Command(plugin.Path, args...)
+		cmd := exec.Command(plugin.Path, args...) // #nosec G204 -- ignore "Subprocess launched with a potential tainted input or cmd arguments"
+
 		// Using dockerCli.{In,Out,Err}() here results in a hang until something is input.
 		// See: - https://github.com/golang/go/issues/10338
 		//      - https://github.com/golang/go/commit/d000e8742a173aa0659584aa01b7ba2834ba28ab

cli-plugins/manager/plugin.go

@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ func (p *Plugin) RunHook(ctx context.Context, hookData HookPluginData) ([]byte,
 		return nil, wrapAsPluginError(err, "failed to marshall hook data")
 	}
 
-	pCmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, p.Path, p.Name, HookSubcommandName, string(hDataBytes))
+	pCmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, p.Path, p.Name, HookSubcommandName, string(hDataBytes)) // #nosec G204 -- ignore "Subprocess launched with a potential tainted input or cmd arguments"
 	pCmd.Env = os.Environ()
 	pCmd.Env = append(pCmd.Env, ReexecEnvvar+"="+os.Args[0])
 	hookCmdOutput, err := pCmd.Output()

cli/command/cli_test.go

@@ -187,19 +187,18 @@ func TestInitializeFromClient(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	for _, testcase := range testcases {
-		testcase := testcase
-		t.Run(testcase.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range testcases {
+		t.Run(tc.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
 			apiclient := &fakeClient{
-				pingFunc: testcase.pingFunc,
+				pingFunc: tc.pingFunc,
 				version:  defaultVersion,
 			}
 
 			cli := &DockerCli{client: apiclient}
 			err := cli.Initialize(flags.NewClientOptions())
 			assert.NilError(t, err)
-			assert.DeepEqual(t, cli.ServerInfo(), testcase.expectedServer)
-			assert.Equal(t, apiclient.negotiated, testcase.negotiated)
+			assert.DeepEqual(t, cli.ServerInfo(), tc.expectedServer)
+			assert.Equal(t, apiclient.negotiated, tc.negotiated)
 		})
 	}
 }
@@ -277,10 +276,9 @@ func TestExperimentalCLI(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	for _, testcase := range testcases {
-		testcase := testcase
-		t.Run(testcase.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
-			dir := fs.NewDir(t, testcase.doc, fs.WithFile("config.json", testcase.configfile))
+	for _, tc := range testcases {
+		t.Run(tc.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			dir := fs.NewDir(t, tc.doc, fs.WithFile("config.json", tc.configfile))
 			defer dir.Remove()
 			apiclient := &fakeClient{
 				version: defaultVersion,

cli/command/completion/functions.go

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ func ContainerNames(dockerCLI APIClientProvider, all bool, filters ...func(conta
 		for _, ctr := range list {
 			skip := false
 			for _, fn := range filters {
-				if !fn(ctr) {
+				if fn != nil && !fn(ctr) {
 					skip = true
 					break
 				}
@@ -145,3 +145,47 @@ func FileNames(_ *cobra.Command, _ []string, _ string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCom
 func NoComplete(_ *cobra.Command, _ []string, _ string) ([]string, cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
 	return nil, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
 }
+
+var commonPlatforms = []string{
+	"linux",
+	"linux/386",
+	"linux/amd64",
+	"linux/arm",
+	"linux/arm/v5",
+	"linux/arm/v6",
+	"linux/arm/v7",
+	"linux/arm64",
+	"linux/arm64/v8",
+
+	// IBM power and z platforms
+	"linux/ppc64le",
+	"linux/s390x",
+
+	// Not yet supported
+	"linux/riscv64",
+
+	"windows",
+	"windows/amd64",
+
+	"wasip1",
+	"wasip1/wasm",
+}
+
+// Platforms offers completion for platform-strings. It provides a non-exhaustive
+// list of platforms to be used for completion. Platform-strings are based on
+// [runtime.GOOS] and [runtime.GOARCH], but with (optional) variants added. A
+// list of recognised os/arch combinations from the Go runtime can be obtained
+// through "go tool dist list".
+//
+// Some noteworthy exclusions from this list:
+//
+//   - arm64 images ("windows/arm64", "windows/arm64/v8") do not yet exist for windows.
+//   - we don't (yet) include `os-variant` for completion (as can be used for Windows images)
+//   - we don't (yet) include platforms for which we don't build binaries, such as
+//     BSD platforms (freebsd, netbsd, openbsd), android, macOS (darwin).
+//   - we currently exclude architectures that may have unofficial builds,
+//     but don't have wide adoption (and no support), such as loong64, mipsXXX,
+//     ppc64 (non-le) to prevent confusion.
+func Platforms(_ *cobra.Command, _ []string, _ string) (platforms []string, _ cobra.ShellCompDirective) {
+	return commonPlatforms, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp
+}

cli/command/completion/functions_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,346 @@
+package completion
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"sort"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/image"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/network"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/volume"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp/cmpopts"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"gotest.tools/v3/assert"
+	is "gotest.tools/v3/assert/cmp"
+	"gotest.tools/v3/env"
+)
+
+type fakeCLI struct {
+	*fakeClient
+}
+
+// Client implements [APIClientProvider].
+func (c fakeCLI) Client() client.APIClient {
+	return c.fakeClient
+}
+
+type fakeClient struct {
+	client.Client
+	containerListFunc func(options container.ListOptions) ([]container.Summary, error)
+	imageListFunc     func(options image.ListOptions) ([]image.Summary, error)
+	networkListFunc   func(ctx context.Context, options network.ListOptions) ([]network.Summary, error)
+	volumeListFunc    func(filter filters.Args) (volume.ListResponse, error)
+}
+
+func (c *fakeClient) ContainerList(_ context.Context, options container.ListOptions) ([]container.Summary, error) {
+	if c.containerListFunc != nil {
+		return c.containerListFunc(options)
+	}
+	return []container.Summary{}, nil
+}
+
+func (c *fakeClient) ImageList(_ context.Context, options image.ListOptions) ([]image.Summary, error) {
+	if c.imageListFunc != nil {
+		return c.imageListFunc(options)
+	}
+	return []image.Summary{}, nil
+}
+
+func (c *fakeClient) NetworkList(ctx context.Context, options network.ListOptions) ([]network.Summary, error) {
+	if c.networkListFunc != nil {
+		return c.networkListFunc(ctx, options)
+	}
+	return []network.Inspect{}, nil
+}
+
+func (c *fakeClient) VolumeList(_ context.Context, options volume.ListOptions) (volume.ListResponse, error) {
+	if c.volumeListFunc != nil {
+		return c.volumeListFunc(options.Filters)
+	}
+	return volume.ListResponse{}, nil
+}
+
+func TestCompleteContainerNames(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		doc              string
+		showAll, showIDs bool
+		filters          []func(container.Summary) bool
+		containers       []container.Summary
+		expOut           []string
+		expOpts          container.ListOptions
+		expDirective     cobra.ShellCompDirective
+	}{
+		{
+			doc:          "no results",
+			expDirective: cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		},
+		{
+			doc:     "all containers",
+			showAll: true,
+			containers: []container.Summary{
+				{ID: "id-c", State: "running", Names: []string{"/container-c", "/container-c/link-b"}},
+				{ID: "id-b", State: "created", Names: []string{"/container-b"}},
+				{ID: "id-a", State: "exited", Names: []string{"/container-a"}},
+			},
+			expOut:       []string{"container-c", "container-c/link-b", "container-b", "container-a"},
+			expOpts:      container.ListOptions{All: true},
+			expDirective: cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		},
+		{
+			doc:     "all containers with ids",
+			showAll: true,
+			showIDs: true,
+			containers: []container.Summary{
+				{ID: "id-c", State: "running", Names: []string{"/container-c", "/container-c/link-b"}},
+				{ID: "id-b", State: "created", Names: []string{"/container-b"}},
+				{ID: "id-a", State: "exited", Names: []string{"/container-a"}},
+			},
+			expOut:       []string{"id-c", "container-c", "container-c/link-b", "id-b", "container-b", "id-a", "container-a"},
+			expOpts:      container.ListOptions{All: true},
+			expDirective: cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		},
+		{
+			doc:     "only running containers",
+			showAll: false,
+			containers: []container.Summary{
+				{ID: "id-c", State: "running", Names: []string{"/container-c", "/container-c/link-b"}},
+			},
+			expOut:       []string{"container-c", "container-c/link-b"},
+			expDirective: cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		},
+		{
+			doc:     "with filter",
+			showAll: true,
+			filters: []func(container.Summary) bool{
+				func(container container.Summary) bool { return container.State == "created" },
+			},
+			containers: []container.Summary{
+				{ID: "id-c", State: "running", Names: []string{"/container-c", "/container-c/link-b"}},
+				{ID: "id-b", State: "created", Names: []string{"/container-b"}},
+				{ID: "id-a", State: "exited", Names: []string{"/container-a"}},
+			},
+			expOut:       []string{"container-b"},
+			expOpts:      container.ListOptions{All: true},
+			expDirective: cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		},
+		{
+			doc:     "multiple filters",
+			showAll: true,
+			filters: []func(container.Summary) bool{
+				func(container container.Summary) bool { return container.ID == "id-a" },
+				func(container container.Summary) bool { return container.State == "created" },
+			},
+			containers: []container.Summary{
+				{ID: "id-c", State: "running", Names: []string{"/container-c", "/container-c/link-b"}},
+				{ID: "id-b", State: "created", Names: []string{"/container-b"}},
+				{ID: "id-a", State: "created", Names: []string{"/container-a"}},
+			},
+			expOut:       []string{"container-a"},
+			expOpts:      container.ListOptions{All: true},
+			expDirective: cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		},
+		{
+			doc:          "with error",
+			expDirective: cobra.ShellCompDirectiveError,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if tc.showIDs {
+				t.Setenv("DOCKER_COMPLETION_SHOW_CONTAINER_IDS", "yes")
+			}
+			comp := ContainerNames(fakeCLI{&fakeClient{
+				containerListFunc: func(opts container.ListOptions) ([]container.Summary, error) {
+					assert.Check(t, is.DeepEqual(opts, tc.expOpts, cmpopts.IgnoreUnexported(container.ListOptions{}, filters.Args{})))
+					if tc.expDirective == cobra.ShellCompDirectiveError {
+						return nil, errors.New("some error occurred")
+					}
+					return tc.containers, nil
+				},
+			}}, tc.showAll, tc.filters...)
+
+			containers, directives := comp(&cobra.Command{}, nil, "")
+			assert.Check(t, is.Equal(directives&tc.expDirective, tc.expDirective))
+			assert.Check(t, is.DeepEqual(containers, tc.expOut))
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCompleteEnvVarNames(t *testing.T) {
+	env.PatchAll(t, map[string]string{
+		"ENV_A": "hello-a",
+		"ENV_B": "hello-b",
+	})
+	values, directives := EnvVarNames(nil, nil, "")
+	assert.Check(t, is.Equal(directives&cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp), "Should not perform file completion")
+
+	sort.Strings(values)
+	expected := []string{"ENV_A", "ENV_B"}
+	assert.Check(t, is.DeepEqual(values, expected))
+}
+
+func TestCompleteFileNames(t *testing.T) {
+	values, directives := FileNames(nil, nil, "")
+	assert.Check(t, is.Equal(directives, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveDefault))
+	assert.Check(t, is.Len(values, 0))
+}
+
+func TestCompleteFromList(t *testing.T) {
+	expected := []string{"one", "two", "three"}
+
+	values, directives := FromList(expected...)(nil, nil, "")
+	assert.Check(t, is.Equal(directives&cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp), "Should not perform file completion")
+	assert.Check(t, is.DeepEqual(values, expected))
+}
+
+func TestCompleteImageNames(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		doc          string
+		images       []image.Summary
+		expOut       []string
+		expDirective cobra.ShellCompDirective
+	}{
+		{
+			doc:          "no results",
+			expDirective: cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		},
+		{
+			doc: "with results",
+			images: []image.Summary{
+				{RepoTags: []string{"image-c:latest", "image-c:other"}},
+				{RepoTags: []string{"image-b:latest", "image-b:other"}},
+				{RepoTags: []string{"image-a:latest", "image-a:other"}},
+			},
+			expOut:       []string{"image-c:latest", "image-c:other", "image-b:latest", "image-b:other", "image-a:latest", "image-a:other"},
+			expDirective: cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		},
+		{
+			doc:          "with error",
+			expDirective: cobra.ShellCompDirectiveError,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			comp := ImageNames(fakeCLI{&fakeClient{
+				imageListFunc: func(options image.ListOptions) ([]image.Summary, error) {
+					if tc.expDirective == cobra.ShellCompDirectiveError {
+						return nil, errors.New("some error occurred")
+					}
+					return tc.images, nil
+				},
+			}})
+
+			volumes, directives := comp(&cobra.Command{}, nil, "")
+			assert.Check(t, is.Equal(directives&tc.expDirective, tc.expDirective))
+			assert.Check(t, is.DeepEqual(volumes, tc.expOut))
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCompleteNetworkNames(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		doc          string
+		networks     []network.Summary
+		expOut       []string
+		expDirective cobra.ShellCompDirective
+	}{
+		{
+			doc:          "no results",
+			expDirective: cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		},
+		{
+			doc: "with results",
+			networks: []network.Summary{
+				{ID: "nw-c", Name: "network-c"},
+				{ID: "nw-b", Name: "network-b"},
+				{ID: "nw-a", Name: "network-a"},
+			},
+			expOut:       []string{"network-c", "network-b", "network-a"},
+			expDirective: cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		},
+		{
+			doc:          "with error",
+			expDirective: cobra.ShellCompDirectiveError,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			comp := NetworkNames(fakeCLI{&fakeClient{
+				networkListFunc: func(ctx context.Context, options network.ListOptions) ([]network.Summary, error) {
+					if tc.expDirective == cobra.ShellCompDirectiveError {
+						return nil, errors.New("some error occurred")
+					}
+					return tc.networks, nil
+				},
+			}})
+
+			volumes, directives := comp(&cobra.Command{}, nil, "")
+			assert.Check(t, is.Equal(directives&tc.expDirective, tc.expDirective))
+			assert.Check(t, is.DeepEqual(volumes, tc.expOut))
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCompleteNoComplete(t *testing.T) {
+	values, directives := NoComplete(nil, nil, "")
+	assert.Check(t, is.Equal(directives, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp))
+	assert.Check(t, is.Len(values, 0))
+}
+
+func TestCompletePlatforms(t *testing.T) {
+	values, directives := Platforms(nil, nil, "")
+	assert.Check(t, is.Equal(directives&cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp), "Should not perform file completion")
+	assert.Check(t, is.DeepEqual(values, commonPlatforms))
+}
+
+func TestCompleteVolumeNames(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		doc          string
+		volumes      []*volume.Volume
+		expOut       []string
+		expDirective cobra.ShellCompDirective
+	}{
+		{
+			doc:          "no results",
+			expDirective: cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		},
+		{
+			doc: "with results",
+			volumes: []*volume.Volume{
+				{Name: "volume-c"},
+				{Name: "volume-b"},
+				{Name: "volume-a"},
+			},
+			expOut:       []string{"volume-c", "volume-b", "volume-a"},
+			expDirective: cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp,
+		},
+		{
+			doc:          "with error",
+			expDirective: cobra.ShellCompDirectiveError,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			comp := VolumeNames(fakeCLI{&fakeClient{
+				volumeListFunc: func(filter filters.Args) (volume.ListResponse, error) {
+					if tc.expDirective == cobra.ShellCompDirectiveError {
+						return volume.ListResponse{}, errors.New("some error occurred")
+					}
+					return volume.ListResponse{Volumes: tc.volumes}, nil
+				},
+			}})
+
+			volumes, directives := comp(&cobra.Command{}, nil, "")
+			assert.Check(t, is.Equal(directives&tc.expDirective, tc.expDirective))
+			assert.Check(t, is.DeepEqual(volumes, tc.expOut))
+		})
+	}
+}

cli/command/config/create_test.go

@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ func TestConfigCreateErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.expectedError, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := newConfigCreateCommand(
 				test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{

cli/command/config/formatter_test.go

@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ id_rsa
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			var out bytes.Buffer
 			tc.context.Output = &out

cli/command/container/attach_test.go

@@ -73,7 +73,6 @@ func TestNewAttachCommandErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := NewAttachCommand(test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{inspectFunc: tc.containerInspectFunc}))
 			cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)

cli/command/container/client_test.go

@@ -40,6 +40,10 @@ type fakeClient struct {
 	containerKillFunc       func(ctx context.Context, containerID, signal string) error
 	containerPruneFunc      func(ctx context.Context, pruneFilters filters.Args) (container.PruneReport, error)
 	containerAttachFunc     func(ctx context.Context, containerID string, options container.AttachOptions) (types.HijackedResponse, error)
+	containerDiffFunc       func(ctx context.Context, containerID string) ([]container.FilesystemChange, error)
+	containerRenameFunc     func(ctx context.Context, oldName, newName string) error
+	containerCommitFunc     func(ctx context.Context, container string, options container.CommitOptions) (types.IDResponse, error)
+	containerPauseFunc      func(ctx context.Context, container string) error
 	Version                 string
 }
 
@@ -197,3 +201,34 @@ func (f *fakeClient) ContainerAttach(ctx context.Context, containerID string, op
 	}
 	return types.HijackedResponse{}, nil
 }
+
+func (f *fakeClient) ContainerDiff(ctx context.Context, containerID string) ([]container.FilesystemChange, error) {
+	if f.containerDiffFunc != nil {
+		return f.containerDiffFunc(ctx, containerID)
+	}
+
+	return []container.FilesystemChange{}, nil
+}
+
+func (f *fakeClient) ContainerRename(ctx context.Context, oldName, newName string) error {
+	if f.containerRenameFunc != nil {
+		return f.containerRenameFunc(ctx, oldName, newName)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (f *fakeClient) ContainerCommit(ctx context.Context, containerID string, options container.CommitOptions) (types.IDResponse, error) {
+	if f.containerCommitFunc != nil {
+		return f.containerCommitFunc(ctx, containerID, options)
+	}
+	return types.IDResponse{}, nil
+}
+
+func (f *fakeClient) ContainerPause(ctx context.Context, containerID string) error {
+	if f.containerPauseFunc != nil {
+		return f.containerPauseFunc(ctx, containerID)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

cli/command/container/commit_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package container
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"io"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/docker/cli/internal/test"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"gotest.tools/v3/assert"
+	is "gotest.tools/v3/assert/cmp"
+)
+
+func TestRunCommit(t *testing.T) {
+	cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
+		containerCommitFunc: func(
+			ctx context.Context,
+			container string,
+			options container.CommitOptions,
+		) (types.IDResponse, error) {
+			assert.Check(t, is.Equal(options.Author, "Author Name <author@name.com>"))
+			assert.Check(t, is.DeepEqual(options.Changes, []string{"EXPOSE 80"}))
+			assert.Check(t, is.Equal(options.Comment, "commit message"))
+			assert.Check(t, is.Equal(options.Pause, false))
+			assert.Check(t, is.Equal(container, "container-id"))
+
+			return types.IDResponse{ID: "image-id"}, nil
+		},
+	})
+
+	cmd := NewCommitCommand(cli)
+	cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+	cmd.SetArgs(
+		[]string{
+			"--author", "Author Name <author@name.com>",
+			"--change", "EXPOSE 80",
+			"--message", "commit message",
+			"--pause=false",
+			"container-id",
+		},
+	)
+
+	err := cmd.Execute()
+	assert.NilError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Assert(t, is.Equal(cli.OutBuffer().String(), "image-id\n"))
+}
+
+func TestRunCommitClientError(t *testing.T) {
+	clientError := errors.New("client error")
+
+	cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
+		containerCommitFunc: func(
+			ctx context.Context,
+			container string,
+			options container.CommitOptions,
+		) (types.IDResponse, error) {
+			return types.IDResponse{}, clientError
+		},
+	})
+
+	cmd := NewCommitCommand(cli)
+	cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+	cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"container-id"})
+
+	err := cmd.Execute()
+	assert.ErrorIs(t, err, clientError)
+}

cli/command/container/completion_test.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/moby/sys/signal"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"gotest.tools/v3/assert"
 	is "gotest.tools/v3/assert/cmp"
@@ -19,3 +20,17 @@ func TestCompleteLinuxCapabilityNames(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.Check(t, is.Equal(name, strings.ToUpper(name)), "Should be formatted uppercase")
 	}
 }
+
+func TestCompleteRestartPolicies(t *testing.T) {
+	values, directives := completeRestartPolicies(nil, nil, "")
+	assert.Check(t, is.Equal(directives&cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp), "Should not perform file completion")
+	expected := restartPolicies
+	assert.Check(t, is.DeepEqual(values, expected))
+}
+
+func TestCompleteSignals(t *testing.T) {
+	values, directives := completeSignals(nil, nil, "")
+	assert.Check(t, is.Equal(directives&cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp, cobra.ShellCompDirectiveNoFileComp), "Should not perform file completion")
+	assert.Check(t, len(values) > 1)
+	assert.Check(t, is.Len(values, len(signal.SignalMap)))
+}

cli/command/container/cp_test.go

@@ -178,7 +178,6 @@ func TestSplitCpArg(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testcases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
 			if tc.os == "windows" && runtime.GOOS != "windows" {
 				t.Skip("skipping windows test on non-windows platform")

cli/command/container/create.go

@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ func NewCreateCommand(dockerCli command.Cli) *cobra.Command {
 	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("env", completion.EnvVarNames)
 	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("env-file", completion.FileNames)
 	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("network", completion.NetworkNames(dockerCli))
+	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("platform", completion.Platforms)
 	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("pull", completion.FromList(PullImageAlways, PullImageMissing, PullImageNever))
 	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("restart", completeRestartPolicies)
 	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("stop-signal", completeSignals)

cli/command/container/create_test.go

@@ -113,7 +113,6 @@ func TestCreateContainerImagePullPolicy(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.PullPolicy, func(t *testing.T) {
 			pullCounter := 0
 
@@ -176,7 +175,6 @@ func TestCreateContainerImagePullPolicyInvalid(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.PullPolicy, func(t *testing.T) {
 			dockerCli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{})
 			err := runCreate(
@@ -207,7 +205,6 @@ func TestCreateContainerValidateFlags(t *testing.T) {
 			expectedErr: `invalid argument "STDINFO" for "-a, --attach" flag: valid streams are STDIN, STDOUT and STDERR`,
 		},
 	} {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := NewCreateCommand(test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{}))
 			cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
@@ -251,7 +248,6 @@ func TestNewCreateCommandWithContentTrustErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		fakeCLI := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 			createContainerFunc: func(config *container.Config,
 				hostConfig *container.HostConfig,
@@ -312,7 +308,6 @@ func TestNewCreateCommandWithWarnings(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			fakeCLI := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				createContainerFunc: func(config *container.Config,

cli/command/container/diff_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+package container
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/docker/cli/internal/test"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"gotest.tools/v3/assert"
+	is "gotest.tools/v3/assert/cmp"
+)
+
+func TestRunDiff(t *testing.T) {
+	cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
+		containerDiffFunc: func(
+			ctx context.Context,
+			containerID string,
+		) ([]container.FilesystemChange, error) {
+			return []container.FilesystemChange{
+				{
+					Kind: container.ChangeModify,
+					Path: "/path/to/file0",
+				},
+				{
+					Kind: container.ChangeAdd,
+					Path: "/path/to/file1",
+				},
+				{
+					Kind: container.ChangeDelete,
+					Path: "/path/to/file2",
+				},
+			}, nil
+		},
+	})
+
+	cmd := NewDiffCommand(cli)
+	cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"container-id"})
+
+	err := cmd.Execute()
+	assert.NilError(t, err)
+
+	diff := strings.SplitN(cli.OutBuffer().String(), "\n", 3)
+	assert.Assert(t, is.Len(diff, 3))
+
+	file0 := strings.TrimSpace(diff[0])
+	file1 := strings.TrimSpace(diff[1])
+	file2 := strings.TrimSpace(diff[2])
+
+	assert.Check(t, is.Equal(file0, "C /path/to/file0"))
+	assert.Check(t, is.Equal(file1, "A /path/to/file1"))
+	assert.Check(t, is.Equal(file2, "D /path/to/file2"))
+}
+
+func TestRunDiffClientError(t *testing.T) {
+	clientError := errors.New("client error")
+
+	cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
+		containerDiffFunc: func(
+			ctx context.Context,
+			containerID string,
+		) ([]container.FilesystemChange, error) {
+			return nil, clientError
+		},
+	})
+
+	cmd := NewDiffCommand(cli)
+	cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+	cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
+
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"container-id"})
+
+	err := cmd.Execute()
+	assert.ErrorIs(t, err, clientError)
+}
+
+func TestRunDiffEmptyContainerError(t *testing.T) {
+	cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{})
+
+	cmd := NewDiffCommand(cli)
+	cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+	cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
+
+	containerID := ""
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{containerID})
+
+	err := cmd.Execute()
+	assert.Error(t, err, "Container name cannot be empty")
+}

cli/command/container/formatter_diff_test.go

@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ D: /usr/app/old_app.js
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			out := bytes.NewBufferString("")
 			tc.context.Output = out

cli/command/container/formatter_stats_test.go

@@ -178,7 +178,6 @@ container2  --  --
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			var out bytes.Buffer
 			tc.context.Output = &out
@@ -223,7 +222,6 @@ func TestContainerStatsContextWriteWithNoStats(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			err := statsFormatWrite(tc.context, []StatsEntry{}, "linux", false)
 			assert.NilError(t, err)
@@ -265,7 +263,6 @@ func TestContainerStatsContextWriteWithNoStatsWindows(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			err := statsFormatWrite(tc.context, []StatsEntry{}, "windows", false)
 			assert.NilError(t, err)

cli/command/container/kill_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+package container
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/docker/cli/internal/test"
+	"gotest.tools/v3/assert"
+	is "gotest.tools/v3/assert/cmp"
+)
+
+func TestRunKill(t *testing.T) {
+	cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
+		containerKillFunc: func(
+			ctx context.Context,
+			container string,
+			signal string,
+		) error {
+			assert.Assert(t, is.Equal(signal, "STOP"))
+			return nil
+		},
+	})
+
+	cmd := NewKillCommand(cli)
+	cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{
+		"--signal", "STOP",
+		"container-id-1",
+		"container-id-2",
+	})
+	err := cmd.Execute()
+	assert.NilError(t, err)
+
+	containerIDs := strings.SplitN(cli.OutBuffer().String(), "\n", 2)
+	assert.Assert(t, is.Len(containerIDs, 2))
+
+	containerID1 := strings.TrimSpace(containerIDs[0])
+	containerID2 := strings.TrimSpace(containerIDs[1])
+
+	assert.Check(t, is.Equal(containerID1, "container-id-1"))
+	assert.Check(t, is.Equal(containerID2, "container-id-2"))
+}
+
+func TestRunKillClientError(t *testing.T) {
+	cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
+		containerKillFunc: func(
+			ctx context.Context,
+			container string,
+			signal string,
+		) error {
+			return fmt.Errorf("client error for container %s", container)
+		},
+	})
+
+	cmd := NewKillCommand(cli)
+	cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+	cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
+
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"container-id-1", "container-id-2"})
+	err := cmd.Execute()
+
+	errs := strings.SplitN(err.Error(), "\n", 2)
+	assert.Assert(t, is.Len(errs, 2))
+
+	errContainerID1 := errs[0]
+	errContainerID2 := errs[1]
+
+	assert.Assert(t, is.Equal(errContainerID1, "client error for container container-id-1"))
+	assert.Assert(t, is.Equal(errContainerID2, "client error for container container-id-2"))
+}

cli/command/container/list_test.go

@@ -127,7 +127,6 @@ func TestContainerListBuildContainerListOptions(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestContainerListErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	testCases := []struct {
-		args              []string
 		flags             map[string]string
 		containerListFunc func(container.ListOptions) ([]container.Summary, error)
 		expectedError     string
@@ -157,10 +156,10 @@ func TestContainerListErrors(t *testing.T) {
 				containerListFunc: tc.containerListFunc,
 			}),
 		)
-		cmd.SetArgs(tc.args)
 		for key, value := range tc.flags {
 			assert.Check(t, cmd.Flags().Set(key, value))
 		}
+		cmd.SetArgs([]string{})
 		cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
 		cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
 		assert.ErrorContains(t, cmd.Execute(), tc.expectedError)
@@ -180,6 +179,9 @@ func TestContainerListWithoutFormat(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 	cmd := newListCommand(cli)
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{})
+	cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+	cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
 	assert.NilError(t, cmd.Execute())
 	golden.Assert(t, cli.OutBuffer().String(), "container-list-without-format.golden")
 }
@@ -194,6 +196,9 @@ func TestContainerListNoTrunc(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 	cmd := newListCommand(cli)
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{})
+	cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+	cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
 	assert.Check(t, cmd.Flags().Set("no-trunc", "true"))
 	assert.NilError(t, cmd.Execute())
 	golden.Assert(t, cli.OutBuffer().String(), "container-list-without-format-no-trunc.golden")
@@ -210,6 +215,9 @@ func TestContainerListNamesMultipleTime(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 	cmd := newListCommand(cli)
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{})
+	cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+	cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
 	assert.Check(t, cmd.Flags().Set("format", "{{.Names}} {{.Names}}"))
 	assert.NilError(t, cmd.Execute())
 	golden.Assert(t, cli.OutBuffer().String(), "container-list-format-name-name.golden")
@@ -226,6 +234,9 @@ func TestContainerListFormatTemplateWithArg(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 	cmd := newListCommand(cli)
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{})
+	cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+	cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
 	assert.Check(t, cmd.Flags().Set("format", `{{.Names}} {{.Label "some.label"}}`))
 	assert.NilError(t, cmd.Execute())
 	golden.Assert(t, cli.OutBuffer().String(), "container-list-format-with-arg.golden")
@@ -266,7 +277,6 @@ func TestContainerListFormatSizeSetsOption(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range tests {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				containerListFunc: func(options container.ListOptions) ([]container.Summary, error) {
@@ -275,6 +285,9 @@ func TestContainerListFormatSizeSetsOption(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			})
 			cmd := newListCommand(cli)
+			cmd.SetArgs([]string{})
+			cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+			cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
 			assert.Check(t, cmd.Flags().Set("format", tc.format))
 			if tc.sizeFlag != "" {
 				assert.Check(t, cmd.Flags().Set("size", tc.sizeFlag))
@@ -297,6 +310,9 @@ func TestContainerListWithConfigFormat(t *testing.T) {
 		PsFormat: "{{ .Names }} {{ .Image }} {{ .Labels }} {{ .Size}}",
 	})
 	cmd := newListCommand(cli)
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{})
+	cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+	cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
 	assert.NilError(t, cmd.Execute())
 	golden.Assert(t, cli.OutBuffer().String(), "container-list-with-config-format.golden")
 }
@@ -314,6 +330,9 @@ func TestContainerListWithFormat(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("with format", func(t *testing.T) {
 		cli.OutBuffer().Reset()
 		cmd := newListCommand(cli)
+		cmd.SetArgs([]string{})
+		cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+		cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
 		assert.Check(t, cmd.Flags().Set("format", "{{ .Names }} {{ .Image }} {{ .Labels }}"))
 		assert.NilError(t, cmd.Execute())
 		golden.Assert(t, cli.OutBuffer().String(), "container-list-with-format.golden")
@@ -322,6 +341,9 @@ func TestContainerListWithFormat(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("with format and quiet", func(t *testing.T) {
 		cli.OutBuffer().Reset()
 		cmd := newListCommand(cli)
+		cmd.SetArgs([]string{})
+		cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+		cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
 		assert.Check(t, cmd.Flags().Set("format", "{{ .Names }} {{ .Image }} {{ .Labels }}"))
 		assert.Check(t, cmd.Flags().Set("quiet", "true"))
 		assert.NilError(t, cmd.Execute())

cli/command/container/opts.go

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/docker/docker/errdefs"
 	"github.com/docker/go-connections/nat"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
 	cdi "tags.cncf.io/container-device-interface/pkg/parser"
 )
@@ -364,10 +363,6 @@ func parse(flags *pflag.FlagSet, copts *containerOptions, serverOS string) (*con
 		return nil, errors.Errorf("invalid value: %d. Valid memory swappiness range is 0-100", swappiness)
 	}
 
-	mounts := copts.mounts.Value()
-	if len(mounts) > 0 && copts.volumeDriver != "" {
-		logrus.Warn("`--volume-driver` is ignored for volumes specified via `--mount`. Use `--mount type=volume,volume-driver=...` instead.")
-	}
 	var binds []string
 	volumes := copts.volumes.GetMap()
 	// add any bind targets to the list of container volumes
@@ -697,7 +692,7 @@ func parse(flags *pflag.FlagSet, copts *containerOptions, serverOS string) (*con
 		Tmpfs:          tmpfs,
 		Sysctls:        copts.sysctls.GetAll(),
 		Runtime:        copts.runtime,
-		Mounts:         mounts,
+		Mounts:         copts.mounts.Value(),
 		MaskedPaths:    maskedPaths,
 		ReadonlyPaths:  readonlyPaths,
 		Annotations:    copts.annotations.GetAll(),
@@ -767,7 +762,6 @@ func parseNetworkOpts(copts *containerOptions) (map[string]*networktypes.Endpoin
 	}
 
 	for i, n := range copts.netMode.Value() {
-		n := n
 		if container.NetworkMode(n.Target).IsUserDefined() {
 			hasUserDefined = true
 		} else {

cli/command/container/opts_test.go

@@ -126,7 +126,6 @@ func TestParseRunAttach(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range tests {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.input, func(t *testing.T) {
 			config, _, _ := mustParse(t, tc.input)
 			assert.Equal(t, config.AttachStdin, tc.expected.AttachStdin)
@@ -802,7 +801,6 @@ func TestParseRestartPolicy(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range tests {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.input, func(t *testing.T) {
 			_, hostConfig, _, err := parseRun([]string{"--restart=" + tc.input, "img", "cmd"})
 			if tc.expectedErr != "" {
@@ -919,7 +917,7 @@ func TestParseEnvfileVariablesWithBOMUnicode(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// UTF16 with BOM
-	e := "contains invalid utf8 bytes at line"
+	e := "invalid utf8 bytes at line"
 	if _, _, _, err := parseRun([]string{"--env-file=testdata/utf16.env", "img", "cmd"}); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), e) {
 		t.Fatalf("Expected an error with message '%s', got %v", e, err)
 	}

cli/command/container/pause_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+package container
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/docker/cli/internal/test"
+	"gotest.tools/v3/assert"
+	is "gotest.tools/v3/assert/cmp"
+)
+
+func TestRunPause(t *testing.T) {
+	cli := test.NewFakeCli(
+		&fakeClient{
+			containerPauseFunc: func(ctx context.Context, container string) error {
+				return nil
+			},
+		},
+	)
+
+	cmd := NewPauseCommand(cli)
+	cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"container-id-1", "container-id-2"})
+
+	err := cmd.Execute()
+	assert.NilError(t, err)
+
+	containerIDs := strings.SplitN(cli.OutBuffer().String(), "\n", 2)
+	assert.Assert(t, is.Len(containerIDs, 2))
+
+	containerID1 := strings.TrimSpace(containerIDs[0])
+	containerID2 := strings.TrimSpace(containerIDs[1])
+
+	assert.Check(t, is.Equal(containerID1, "container-id-1"))
+	assert.Check(t, is.Equal(containerID2, "container-id-2"))
+}
+
+func TestRunPauseClientError(t *testing.T) {
+	cli := test.NewFakeCli(
+		&fakeClient{
+			containerPauseFunc: func(ctx context.Context, container string) error {
+				return fmt.Errorf("client error for container %s", container)
+			},
+		},
+	)
+
+	cmd := NewPauseCommand(cli)
+	cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+	cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"container-id-1", "container-id-2"})
+
+	err := cmd.Execute()
+
+	errs := strings.SplitN(err.Error(), "\n", 2)
+	assert.Assert(t, is.Len(errs, 2))
+
+	errContainerID1 := errs[0]
+	errContainerID2 := errs[1]
+
+	assert.Assert(t, is.Equal(errContainerID1, "client error for container container-id-1"))
+	assert.Assert(t, is.Equal(errContainerID2, "client error for container container-id-2"))
+}

cli/command/container/port_test.go

@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ func TestNewPortCommandOutput(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				inspectFunc: func(string) (container.InspectResponse, error) {

cli/command/container/prune_test.go

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ func TestContainerPrunePromptTermination(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 	cmd := NewPruneCommand(cli)
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{})
 	cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
 	cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
 	test.TerminatePrompt(ctx, t, cmd, cli)

cli/command/container/rename_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+package container
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"io"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/docker/cli/internal/test"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"gotest.tools/v3/assert"
+	is "gotest.tools/v3/assert/cmp"
+)
+
+func TestRunRename(t *testing.T) {
+	testcases := []struct {
+		doc, oldName, newName, expectedErr string
+	}{
+		{
+			doc:         "success",
+			oldName:     "oldName",
+			newName:     "newName",
+			expectedErr: "",
+		},
+		{
+			doc:         "empty old name",
+			oldName:     "",
+			newName:     "newName",
+			expectedErr: "Error: Neither old nor new names may be empty",
+		},
+		{
+			doc:         "empty new name",
+			oldName:     "oldName",
+			newName:     "",
+			expectedErr: "Error: Neither old nor new names may be empty",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testcases {
+		t.Run(tc.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
+				containerRenameFunc: func(ctx context.Context, oldName, newName string) error {
+					return nil
+				},
+			})
+
+			cmd := NewRenameCommand(cli)
+			cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+			cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
+			cmd.SetArgs([]string{tc.oldName, tc.newName})
+
+			err := cmd.Execute()
+
+			if tc.expectedErr != "" {
+				assert.ErrorContains(t, err, tc.expectedErr)
+			} else {
+				assert.NilError(t, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRunRenameClientError(t *testing.T) {
+	cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
+		containerRenameFunc: func(ctx context.Context, oldName, newName string) error {
+			return errors.New("client error")
+		},
+	})
+
+	cmd := NewRenameCommand(cli)
+	cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+	cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"oldName", "newName"})
+
+	err := cmd.Execute()
+
+	assert.Check(t, is.Error(err, "Error: failed to rename container named oldName"))
+}

cli/command/container/restart_test.go

@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ func TestRestart(t *testing.T) {
 			expectedErr: "conflicting options: cannot specify both --timeout and --time",
 		},
 	} {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			var restarted []string
 			mutex := new(sync.Mutex)

cli/command/container/rm.go

@@ -38,7 +38,9 @@ func NewRmCommand(dockerCli command.Cli) *cobra.Command {
 		Annotations: map[string]string{
 			"aliases": "docker container rm, docker container remove, docker rm",
 		},
-		ValidArgsFunction: completion.ContainerNames(dockerCli, true),
+		ValidArgsFunction: completion.ContainerNames(dockerCli, true, func(ctr container.Summary) bool {
+			return opts.force || ctr.State == "exited" || ctr.State == "created"
+		}),
 	}
 
 	flags := cmd.Flags()

cli/command/container/rm_test.go

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ func TestRemoveForce(t *testing.T) {
 		{name: "without force", args: []string{"nosuchcontainer", "mycontainer"}, expectedErr: "no such container"},
 		{name: "with force", args: []string{"--force", "nosuchcontainer", "mycontainer"}, expectedErr: ""},
 	} {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			var removed []string
 			mutex := new(sync.Mutex)

cli/command/container/run.go

@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ func NewRunCommand(dockerCli command.Cli) *cobra.Command {
 	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("env", completion.EnvVarNames)
 	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("env-file", completion.FileNames)
 	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("network", completion.NetworkNames(dockerCli))
+	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("platform", completion.Platforms)
 	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("pull", completion.FromList(PullImageAlways, PullImageMissing, PullImageNever))
 	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("restart", completeRestartPolicies)
 	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("stop-signal", completeSignals)

cli/command/container/run_test.go

@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ func TestRunValidateFlags(t *testing.T) {
 			expectedErr: "conflicting options: cannot specify both --attach and --detach",
 		},
 	} {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := NewRunCommand(test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{}))
 			cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
@@ -245,7 +244,6 @@ func TestRunCommandWithContentTrustErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			fakeCLI := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				createContainerFunc: func(config *container.Config,
@@ -286,7 +284,6 @@ func TestRunContainerImagePullPolicyInvalid(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.PullPolicy, func(t *testing.T) {
 			dockerCli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{})
 			err := runRun(

cli/command/container/stats.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package container
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
@@ -264,31 +265,40 @@ func RunStats(ctx context.Context, dockerCLI command.Cli, options *StatsOptions)
 		// so we unlikely hit this code in practice.
 		daemonOSType = dockerCLI.ServerInfo().OSType
 	}
+
+	// Buffer to store formatted stats text.
+	// Once formatted, it will be printed in one write to avoid screen flickering.
+	var statsTextBuffer bytes.Buffer
+
 	statsCtx := formatter.Context{
-		Output: dockerCLI.Out(),
+		Output: &statsTextBuffer,
 		Format: NewStatsFormat(format, daemonOSType),
 	}
-	cleanScreen := func() {
-		if !options.NoStream {
-			_, _ = fmt.Fprint(dockerCLI.Out(), "\033[2J")
-			_, _ = fmt.Fprint(dockerCLI.Out(), "\033[H")
-		}
-	}
 
 	var err error
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(500 * time.Millisecond)
 	defer ticker.Stop()
 	for range ticker.C {
-		cleanScreen()
 		var ccStats []StatsEntry
 		cStats.mu.RLock()
 		for _, c := range cStats.cs {
 			ccStats = append(ccStats, c.GetStatistics())
 		}
 		cStats.mu.RUnlock()
+
+		if !options.NoStream {
+			// Start by clearing the screen and moving the cursor to the top-left
+			_, _ = fmt.Fprint(&statsTextBuffer, "\033[2J\033[H")
+		}
+
 		if err = statsFormatWrite(statsCtx, ccStats, daemonOSType, !options.NoTrunc); err != nil {
 			break
 		}
+
+		_, _ = fmt.Fprint(dockerCLI.Out(), statsTextBuffer.String())
+
+		statsTextBuffer.Reset()
+
 		if len(cStats.cs) == 0 && !showAll {
 			break
 		}

cli/command/container/stop_test.go

@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ func TestStop(t *testing.T) {
 			expectedErr: "conflicting options: cannot specify both --timeout and --time",
 		},
 	} {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			var stopped []string
 			mutex := new(sync.Mutex)

cli/command/container/utils_test.go

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func waitFn(cid string) (<-chan container.WaitResponse, <-chan error) {
 }
 
 func TestWaitExitOrRemoved(t *testing.T) {
-	testcases := []struct {
+	tests := []struct {
 		cid      string
 		exitCode int
 	}{
@@ -61,9 +61,11 @@ func TestWaitExitOrRemoved(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	client := &fakeClient{waitFunc: waitFn, Version: api.DefaultVersion}
-	for _, testcase := range testcases {
-		statusC := waitExitOrRemoved(context.Background(), client, testcase.cid, true)
-		exitCode := <-statusC
-		assert.Check(t, is.Equal(testcase.exitCode, exitCode))
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.cid, func(t *testing.T) {
+			statusC := waitExitOrRemoved(context.Background(), client, tc.cid, true)
+			exitCode := <-statusC
+			assert.Check(t, is.Equal(tc.exitCode, exitCode))
+		})
 	}
 }

cli/command/context/create_test.go

@@ -94,7 +94,6 @@ func TestCreate(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range tests {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.options.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			err := RunCreate(cli, &tc.options)
 			if tc.expecterErr == "" {
@@ -164,25 +163,24 @@ func TestCreateFromContext(t *testing.T) {
 
 	cli.SetCurrentContext("dummy")
 
-	for _, c := range cases {
-		c := c
-		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli.ResetOutputBuffers()
 			err := RunCreate(cli, &CreateOptions{
 				From:        "original",
-				Name:        c.name,
-				Description: c.description,
-				Docker:      c.docker,
+				Name:        tc.name,
+				Description: tc.description,
+				Docker:      tc.docker,
 			})
 			assert.NilError(t, err)
-			assertContextCreateLogging(t, cli, c.name)
-			newContext, err := cli.ContextStore().GetMetadata(c.name)
+			assertContextCreateLogging(t, cli, tc.name)
+			newContext, err := cli.ContextStore().GetMetadata(tc.name)
 			assert.NilError(t, err)
 			newContextTyped, err := command.GetDockerContext(newContext)
 			assert.NilError(t, err)
 			dockerEndpoint, err := docker.EndpointFromContext(newContext)
 			assert.NilError(t, err)
-			assert.Equal(t, newContextTyped.Description, c.expectedDescription)
+			assert.Equal(t, newContextTyped.Description, tc.expectedDescription)
 			assert.Equal(t, dockerEndpoint.Host, "tcp://42.42.42.42:2375")
 		})
 	}
@@ -219,23 +217,22 @@ func TestCreateFromCurrent(t *testing.T) {
 
 	cli.SetCurrentContext("original")
 
-	for _, c := range cases {
-		c := c
-		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli.ResetOutputBuffers()
 			err := RunCreate(cli, &CreateOptions{
-				Name:        c.name,
-				Description: c.description,
+				Name:        tc.name,
+				Description: tc.description,
 			})
 			assert.NilError(t, err)
-			assertContextCreateLogging(t, cli, c.name)
-			newContext, err := cli.ContextStore().GetMetadata(c.name)
+			assertContextCreateLogging(t, cli, tc.name)
+			newContext, err := cli.ContextStore().GetMetadata(tc.name)
 			assert.NilError(t, err)
 			newContextTyped, err := command.GetDockerContext(newContext)
 			assert.NilError(t, err)
 			dockerEndpoint, err := docker.EndpointFromContext(newContext)
 			assert.NilError(t, err)
-			assert.Equal(t, newContextTyped.Description, c.expectedDescription)
+			assert.Equal(t, newContextTyped.Description, tc.expectedDescription)
 			assert.Equal(t, dockerEndpoint.Host, "tcp://42.42.42.42:2375")
 		})
 	}

cli/command/formatter/container_test.go

@@ -346,7 +346,6 @@ size: 0B
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			var out bytes.Buffer
 			tc.context.Output = &out
@@ -411,7 +410,6 @@ func TestContainerContextWriteWithNoContainers(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			err := ContainerWrite(tc.context, containers)
 			assert.NilError(t, err)

cli/command/formatter/disk_usage_test.go

@@ -106,7 +106,6 @@ Build Cache     0         0         0B        0B
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			var out bytes.Buffer
 			tc.context.Output = &out

cli/command/formatter/image_test.go

@@ -304,7 +304,6 @@ image_id: imageID3
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			var out bytes.Buffer
 			tc.context.Output = &out
@@ -365,7 +364,6 @@ func TestImageContextWriteWithNoImage(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			err := ImageWrite(tc.context, images)
 			assert.NilError(t, err)

cli/command/formatter/volume_test.go

@@ -131,7 +131,6 @@ foobar_bar
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			var out bytes.Buffer
 			tc.context.Output = &out

cli/command/image/build.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/docker/cli-docs-tool/annotation"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command/completion"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command/image/build"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/opts"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api"
@@ -159,6 +160,8 @@ func NewBuildCommand(dockerCli command.Cli) *cobra.Command {
 	flags.SetAnnotation("squash", "experimental", nil)
 	flags.SetAnnotation("squash", "version", []string{"1.25"})
 
+	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("platform", completion.Platforms)
+
 	return cmd
 }
 

cli/command/image/formatter_history_test.go

@@ -255,7 +255,6 @@ imageID6   17 years ago   /bin/bash echo                                  183MB
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			err := HistoryWrite(tc.context, true, histories)
 			assert.NilError(t, err)

cli/command/image/history.go

@@ -3,17 +3,20 @@ package image
 import (
 	"context"
 
+	"github.com/containerd/platforms"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command/completion"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command/formatter"
 	flagsHelper "github.com/docker/cli/cli/flags"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/image"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
 type historyOptions struct {
-	image string
+	image    string
+	platform string
 
 	human   bool
 	quiet   bool
@@ -45,12 +48,24 @@ func NewHistoryCommand(dockerCli command.Cli) *cobra.Command {
 	flags.BoolVarP(&opts.quiet, "quiet", "q", false, "Only show image IDs")
 	flags.BoolVar(&opts.noTrunc, "no-trunc", false, "Don't truncate output")
 	flags.StringVar(&opts.format, "format", "", flagsHelper.FormatHelp)
+	flags.StringVar(&opts.platform, "platform", "", `Show history for the given platform. Formatted as "os[/arch[/variant]]" (e.g., "linux/amd64")`)
+	_ = flags.SetAnnotation("platform", "version", []string{"1.48"})
 
+	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("platform", completion.Platforms)
 	return cmd
 }
 
 func runHistory(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, opts historyOptions) error {
-	history, err := dockerCli.Client().ImageHistory(ctx, opts.image, image.HistoryOptions{})
+	var options image.HistoryOptions
+	if opts.platform != "" {
+		p, err := platforms.Parse(opts.platform)
+		if err != nil {
+			return errors.Wrap(err, "invalid platform")
+		}
+		options.Platform = &p
+	}
+
+	history, err := dockerCli.Client().ImageHistory(ctx, opts.image, options)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

cli/command/image/history_test.go

@@ -8,8 +8,10 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/docker/cli/internal/test"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/image"
+	ocispec "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 	"gotest.tools/v3/assert"
+	is "gotest.tools/v3/assert/cmp"
 	"gotest.tools/v3/golden"
 )
 
@@ -33,9 +35,13 @@ func TestNewHistoryCommandErrors(t *testing.T) {
 				return []image.HistoryResponseItem{{}}, errors.Errorf("something went wrong")
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			name:          "invalid platform",
+			args:          []string{"--platform", "<invalid>", "arg1"},
+			expectedError: `invalid platform`,
+		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := NewHistoryCommand(test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{imageHistoryFunc: tc.imageHistoryFunc}))
 			cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
@@ -89,9 +95,19 @@ func TestNewHistoryCommandSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 				}}, nil
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			name: "platform",
+			args: []string{"--platform", "linux/amd64", "image:tag"},
+			imageHistoryFunc: func(img string, options image.HistoryOptions) ([]image.HistoryResponseItem, error) {
+				assert.Check(t, is.DeepEqual(ocispec.Platform{OS: "linux", Architecture: "amd64"}, *options.Platform))
+				return []image.HistoryResponseItem{{
+					ID:      "1234567890123456789",
+					Created: time.Now().Unix(),
+				}}, nil
+			},
+		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			// Set to UTC timezone as timestamps in output are
 			// printed in the current timezone

cli/command/image/import.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command/completion"
 	dockeropts "github.com/docker/cli/opts"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/image"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/jsonmessage"
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ func NewImportCommand(dockerCli command.Cli) *cobra.Command {
 	flags.VarP(&options.changes, "change", "c", "Apply Dockerfile instruction to the created image")
 	flags.StringVarP(&options.message, "message", "m", "", "Set commit message for imported image")
 	command.AddPlatformFlag(flags, &options.platform)
+	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("platform", completion.Platforms)
 
 	return cmd
 }

cli/command/image/import_test.go

@@ -98,7 +98,6 @@ func TestNewImportCommandSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := NewImportCommand(test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{imageImportFunc: tc.imageImportFunc}))
 			cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)

cli/command/image/inspect_test.go

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ func TestNewInspectCommandErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := newInspectCommand(test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{}))
 			cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
@@ -79,7 +78,6 @@ func TestNewInspectCommandSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			imageInspectInvocationCount = 0
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{imageInspectFunc: tc.imageInspectFunc})

cli/command/image/list_test.go

@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ func TestNewImagesCommandErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := NewImagesCommand(test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{imageListFunc: tc.imageListFunc}))
 			cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
@@ -83,7 +82,6 @@ func TestNewImagesCommandSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{imageListFunc: tc.imageListFunc})
 			cli.SetConfigFile(&configfile.ConfigFile{ImagesFormat: tc.imageFormat})

cli/command/image/load.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"io"
 
+	"github.com/containerd/platforms"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command/completion"
@@ -15,8 +16,9 @@ import (
 )
 
 type loadOptions struct {
-	input string
-	quiet bool
+	input    string
+	quiet    bool
+	platform string
 }
 
 // NewLoadCommand creates a new `docker load` command
@@ -40,7 +42,10 @@ func NewLoadCommand(dockerCli command.Cli) *cobra.Command {
 
 	flags.StringVarP(&opts.input, "input", "i", "", "Read from tar archive file, instead of STDIN")
 	flags.BoolVarP(&opts.quiet, "quiet", "q", false, "Suppress the load output")
+	flags.StringVar(&opts.platform, "platform", "", `Load only the given platform variant. Formatted as "os[/arch[/variant]]" (e.g., "linux/amd64")`)
+	_ = flags.SetAnnotation("platform", "version", []string{"1.48"})
 
+	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("platform", completion.Platforms)
 	return cmd
 }
 
@@ -63,12 +68,20 @@ func runLoad(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, opts loadOptions) error
 		return errors.Errorf("requested load from stdin, but stdin is empty")
 	}
 
-	var loadOpts image.LoadOptions
+	var options image.LoadOptions
 	if opts.quiet || !dockerCli.Out().IsTerminal() {
-		loadOpts.Quiet = true
+		options.Quiet = true
 	}
 
-	response, err := dockerCli.Client().ImageLoad(ctx, input, loadOpts)
+	if opts.platform != "" {
+		p, err := platforms.Parse(opts.platform)
+		if err != nil {
+			return errors.Wrap(err, "invalid platform")
+		}
+		options.Platform = &p
+	}
+
+	response, err := dockerCli.Client().ImageLoad(ctx, input, options)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

cli/command/image/load_test.go

@@ -8,8 +8,10 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/docker/cli/internal/test"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/image"
+	ocispec "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 	"gotest.tools/v3/assert"
+	is "gotest.tools/v3/assert/cmp"
 	"gotest.tools/v3/golden"
 )
 
@@ -28,19 +30,28 @@ func TestNewLoadCommandErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			name:          "input-to-terminal",
+			args:          []string{},
 			isTerminalIn:  true,
 			expectedError: "requested load from stdin, but stdin is empty",
 		},
 		{
 			name:          "pull-error",
+			args:          []string{},
 			expectedError: "something went wrong",
 			imageLoadFunc: func(input io.Reader, options image.LoadOptions) (image.LoadResponse, error) {
 				return image.LoadResponse{}, errors.Errorf("something went wrong")
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			name:          "invalid platform",
+			args:          []string{"--platform", "<invalid>"},
+			expectedError: `invalid platform`,
+			imageLoadFunc: func(input io.Reader, options image.LoadOptions) (image.LoadResponse, error) {
+				return image.LoadResponse{}, nil
+			},
+		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{imageLoadFunc: tc.imageLoadFunc})
 			cli.In().SetIsTerminal(tc.isTerminalIn)
@@ -71,12 +82,14 @@ func TestNewLoadCommandSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 	}{
 		{
 			name: "simple",
+			args: []string{},
 			imageLoadFunc: func(input io.Reader, options image.LoadOptions) (image.LoadResponse, error) {
 				return image.LoadResponse{Body: io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("Success"))}, nil
 			},
 		},
 		{
 			name: "json",
+			args: []string{},
 			imageLoadFunc: func(input io.Reader, options image.LoadOptions) (image.LoadResponse, error) {
 				json := "{\"ID\": \"1\"}"
 				return image.LoadResponse{
@@ -92,9 +105,16 @@ func TestNewLoadCommandSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 				return image.LoadResponse{Body: io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("Success"))}, nil
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			name: "with platform",
+			args: []string{"--platform", "linux/amd64"},
+			imageLoadFunc: func(input io.Reader, options image.LoadOptions) (image.LoadResponse, error) {
+				assert.Check(t, is.DeepEqual(ocispec.Platform{OS: "linux", Architecture: "amd64"}, *options.Platform))
+				return image.LoadResponse{Body: io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("Success"))}, nil
+			},
+		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{imageLoadFunc: tc.imageLoadFunc})
 			cmd := NewLoadCommand(cli)

cli/command/image/prune_test.go

@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ func TestNewPruneCommandErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := NewPruneCommand(test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				imagesPruneFunc: tc.imagesPruneFunc,
@@ -98,7 +97,6 @@ func TestNewPruneCommandSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{imagesPruneFunc: tc.imagesPruneFunc})
 			// when prompted, answer "Y" to confirm the prune.

cli/command/image/pull.go

@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ func NewPullCommand(dockerCli command.Cli) *cobra.Command {
 	command.AddPlatformFlag(flags, &opts.platform)
 	command.AddTrustVerificationFlags(flags, &opts.untrusted, dockerCli.ContentTrustEnabled())
 
+	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("platform", completion.Platforms)
+
 	return cmd
 }
 

cli/command/image/pull_test.go

@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ func TestNewPullCommandErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{})
 			cmd := NewPullCommand(cli)
@@ -73,7 +72,6 @@ func TestNewPullCommandSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				imagePullFunc: func(ref string, options image.PullOptions) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
@@ -119,7 +117,6 @@ func TestNewPullCommandWithContentTrustErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				imagePullFunc: func(ref string, options image.PullOptions) (io.ReadCloser, error) {

cli/command/image/push.go

@@ -68,6 +68,8 @@ Image index won't be pushed, meaning that other manifests, including attestation
 'os[/arch[/variant]]': Explicit platform (eg. linux/amd64)`)
 	flags.SetAnnotation("platform", "version", []string{"1.46"})
 
+	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("platform", completion.Platforms)
+
 	return cmd
 }
 

cli/command/image/push_test.go

@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ func TestNewPushCommandErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{imagePushFunc: tc.imagePushFunc})
 			cmd := NewPushCommand(cli)
@@ -68,7 +67,6 @@ func TestNewPushCommandSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				imagePushFunc: func(ref string, options image.PushOptions) (io.ReadCloser, error) {

cli/command/image/remove_test.go

@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ func TestNewRemoveCommandErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := NewRemoveCommand(test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				imageRemoveFunc: tc.imageRemoveFunc,
@@ -121,7 +120,6 @@ func TestNewRemoveCommandSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{imageRemoveFunc: tc.imageRemoveFunc})
 			cmd := NewRemoveCommand(cli)

cli/command/image/save.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"io"
 
+	"github.com/containerd/platforms"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command/completion"
@@ -13,8 +14,9 @@ import (
 )
 
 type saveOptions struct {
-	images []string
-	output string
+	images   []string
+	output   string
+	platform string
 }
 
 // NewSaveCommand creates a new `docker save` command
@@ -38,7 +40,10 @@ func NewSaveCommand(dockerCli command.Cli) *cobra.Command {
 	flags := cmd.Flags()
 
 	flags.StringVarP(&opts.output, "output", "o", "", "Write to a file, instead of STDOUT")
+	flags.StringVar(&opts.platform, "platform", "", `Save only the given platform variant. Formatted as "os[/arch[/variant]]" (e.g., "linux/amd64")`)
+	_ = flags.SetAnnotation("platform", "version", []string{"1.48"})
 
+	_ = cmd.RegisterFlagCompletionFunc("platform", completion.Platforms)
 	return cmd
 }
 
@@ -52,7 +57,16 @@ func RunSave(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, opts saveOptions) error
 		return errors.Wrap(err, "failed to save image")
 	}
 
-	responseBody, err := dockerCli.Client().ImageSave(ctx, opts.images, image.SaveOptions{})
+	var options image.SaveOptions
+	if opts.platform != "" {
+		p, err := platforms.Parse(opts.platform)
+		if err != nil {
+			return errors.Wrap(err, "invalid platform")
+		}
+		options.Platform = &p
+	}
+
+	responseBody, err := dockerCli.Client().ImageSave(ctx, opts.images, options)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

cli/command/image/save_test.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/docker/cli/internal/test"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/image"
+	ocispec "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 	"gotest.tools/v3/assert"
 	is "gotest.tools/v3/assert/cmp"
@@ -51,9 +52,13 @@ func TestNewSaveCommandErrors(t *testing.T) {
 			args:          []string{"-o", "/dev/null", "arg1"},
 			expectedError: "failed to save image: invalid output path: \"/dev/null\" must be a directory or a regular file",
 		},
+		{
+			name:          "invalid platform",
+			args:          []string{"--platform", "<invalid>", "arg1"},
+			expectedError: `invalid platform`,
+		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{imageSaveFunc: tc.imageSaveFunc})
 			cli.Out().SetIsTerminal(tc.isTerminal)
@@ -70,13 +75,13 @@ func TestNewSaveCommandSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 	testCases := []struct {
 		args          []string
 		isTerminal    bool
-		imageSaveFunc func(images []string) (io.ReadCloser, error)
+		imageSaveFunc func(images []string, options image.SaveOptions) (io.ReadCloser, error)
 		deferredFunc  func()
 	}{
 		{
 			args:       []string{"-o", "save_tmp_file", "arg1"},
 			isTerminal: true,
-			imageSaveFunc: func(images []string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
+			imageSaveFunc: func(images []string, _ image.SaveOptions) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
 				assert.Assert(t, is.Len(images, 1))
 				assert.Check(t, is.Equal("arg1", images[0]))
 				return io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("")), nil
@@ -88,21 +93,28 @@ func TestNewSaveCommandSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			args:       []string{"arg1", "arg2"},
 			isTerminal: false,
-			imageSaveFunc: func(images []string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
+			imageSaveFunc: func(images []string, _ image.SaveOptions) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
 				assert.Assert(t, is.Len(images, 2))
 				assert.Check(t, is.Equal("arg1", images[0]))
 				assert.Check(t, is.Equal("arg2", images[1]))
 				return io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("")), nil
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			args:       []string{"--platform", "linux/amd64", "arg1"},
+			isTerminal: false,
+			imageSaveFunc: func(images []string, options image.SaveOptions) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
+				assert.Assert(t, is.Len(images, 1))
+				assert.Check(t, is.Equal("arg1", images[0]))
+				assert.Check(t, is.DeepEqual(ocispec.Platform{OS: "linux", Architecture: "amd64"}, *options.Platform))
+				return io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("")), nil
+			},
+		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(strings.Join(tc.args, " "), func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := NewSaveCommand(test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
-				imageSaveFunc: func(images []string, options image.SaveOptions) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
-					return io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("")), nil
-				},
+				imageSaveFunc: tc.imageSaveFunc,
 			}))
 			cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
 			cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)

cli/command/image/testdata/history-command-success.platform.golden

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+IMAGE          CREATED                  CREATED BY   SIZE      COMMENT
+123456789012   Less than a second ago                0B        

cli/command/image/testdata/load-command-success.with platform.golden

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Success

cli/command/image/tree.go

@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ func runTree(ctx context.Context, dockerCLI command.Cli, opts treeOptions) error
 				continue
 			}
 
-			im := im
 			sub := subImage{
 				Platform:  platforms.Format(im.ImageData.Platform),
 				Available: im.Available,

cli/command/manifest/create_test.go

@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ func TestManifestCreateErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.expectedError, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(nil)
 			cmd := newCreateListCommand(cli)

cli/command/network/create_test.go

@@ -218,7 +218,6 @@ func TestNetworkCreateIPv6(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range tests {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				networkCreateFunc: func(ctx context.Context, name string, createBody network.CreateOptions) (network.CreateResponse, error) {

cli/command/network/formatter_test.go

@@ -161,7 +161,6 @@ foobar_bar 2017-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 UTC
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			var out bytes.Buffer
 			tc.context.Output = &out

cli/command/network/list_test.go

@@ -83,7 +83,6 @@ func TestNetworkList(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{networkListFunc: tc.networkListFunc})
 			cmd := newListCommand(cli)

cli/command/network/remove_test.go

@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ func TestNetworkRemoveForce(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range tests {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
 			fakeCli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				networkRemoveFunc: func(ctx context.Context, networkID string) error {

cli/command/node/formatter_test.go

@@ -202,7 +202,6 @@ foobar_boo  Unknown
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			var out bytes.Buffer
 			tc.context.Output = &out

cli/command/node/inspect_test.go

@@ -106,7 +106,6 @@ func TestNodeInspectPretty(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				nodeInspectFunc: tc.nodeInspectFunc,

cli/command/node/ps_test.go

@@ -134,7 +134,6 @@ func TestNodePs(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				infoFunc:           tc.infoFunc,

cli/command/plugin/formatter_test.go

@@ -131,7 +131,6 @@ foobar_bar
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			var out bytes.Buffer
 			tc.context.Output = &out

cli/command/plugin/inspect_test.go

@@ -66,7 +66,6 @@ func TestInspectErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.description, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{pluginInspectFunc: tc.inspectFunc})
 			cmd := newInspectCommand(cli)
@@ -138,7 +137,6 @@ func TestInspect(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.description, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{pluginInspectFunc: tc.inspectFunc})
 			cmd := newInspectCommand(cli)

cli/command/plugin/install_test.go

@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ func TestInstallErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.description, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{pluginInstallFunc: tc.installFunc})
 			cmd := newInstallCommand(cli)
@@ -94,7 +93,6 @@ func TestInstallContentTrustErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.description, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				pluginInstallFunc: func(name string, options types.PluginInstallOptions) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
@@ -138,7 +136,6 @@ func TestInstall(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.description, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{pluginInstallFunc: tc.installFunc})
 			cmd := newInstallCommand(cli)

cli/command/plugin/list_test.go

@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ func TestListErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.description, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{pluginListFunc: tc.listFunc})
 			cmd := newListCommand(cli)
@@ -166,7 +165,6 @@ func TestList(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.description, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{pluginListFunc: tc.listFunc})
 			cmd := newListCommand(cli)

cli/command/plugin/remove.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package plugin
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli"
@@ -36,17 +37,13 @@ func newRemoveCommand(dockerCli command.Cli) *cobra.Command {
 }
 
 func runRemove(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, opts *rmOptions) error {
-	var errs cli.Errors
+	var errs error
 	for _, name := range opts.plugins {
 		if err := dockerCli.Client().PluginRemove(ctx, name, types.PluginRemoveOptions{Force: opts.force}); err != nil {
-			errs = append(errs, err)
+			errs = errors.Join(errs, err)
 			continue
 		}
-		fmt.Fprintln(dockerCli.Out(), name)
+		_, _ = fmt.Fprintln(dockerCli.Out(), name)
 	}
-	// Do not simplify to `return errs` because even if errs == nil, it is not a nil-error interface value.
-	if errs != nil {
-		return errs
-	}
-	return nil
+	return errs
 }

cli/command/registry.go

@@ -18,20 +18,24 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 )
 
-const patSuggest = "You can log in with your password or a Personal Access " +
-	"Token (PAT). Using a limited-scope PAT grants better security and is required " +
-	"for organizations using SSO. Learn more at https://docs.docker.com/go/access-tokens/"
+const (
+	registerSuggest = "Log in with your Docker ID or email address to push and pull images from Docker Hub. " +
+		"If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com/ to create one."
+	patSuggest = "You can log in with your password or a Personal Access " +
+		"Token (PAT). Using a limited-scope PAT grants better security and is required " +
+		"for organizations using SSO. Learn more at https://docs.docker.com/go/access-tokens/"
+)
 
 // RegistryAuthenticationPrivilegedFunc returns a RequestPrivilegeFunc from the specified registry index info
 // for the given command.
 func RegistryAuthenticationPrivilegedFunc(cli Cli, index *registrytypes.IndexInfo, cmdName string) registrytypes.RequestAuthConfig {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) (string, error) {
-		fmt.Fprintf(cli.Out(), "\nLogin prior to %s:\n", cmdName)
+		_, _ = fmt.Fprintf(cli.Out(), "\nLogin prior to %s:\n", cmdName)
 		indexServer := registry.GetAuthConfigKey(index)
 		isDefaultRegistry := indexServer == registry.IndexServer
 		authConfig, err := GetDefaultAuthConfig(cli.ConfigFile(), true, indexServer, isDefaultRegistry)
 		if err != nil {
-			fmt.Fprintf(cli.Err(), "Unable to retrieve stored credentials for %s, error: %s.\n", indexServer, err)
+			_, _ = fmt.Fprintf(cli.Err(), "Unable to retrieve stored credentials for %s, error: %s.\n", indexServer, err)
 		}
 
 		select {
@@ -86,7 +90,8 @@ func GetDefaultAuthConfig(cfg *configfile.ConfigFile, checkCredStore bool, serve
 }
 
 // ConfigureAuth handles prompting of user's username and password if needed.
-// Deprecated: use PromptUserForCredentials instead.
+//
+// Deprecated: use [PromptUserForCredentials] instead.
 func ConfigureAuth(ctx context.Context, cli Cli, flUser, flPassword string, authConfig *registrytypes.AuthConfig, _ bool) error {
 	defaultUsername := authConfig.Username
 	serverAddress := authConfig.ServerAddress
@@ -110,7 +115,7 @@ func ConfigureAuth(ctx context.Context, cli Cli, flUser, flPassword string, auth
 // If defaultUsername is not empty, the username prompt includes that username
 // and the user can hit enter without inputting a username  to use that default
 // username.
-func PromptUserForCredentials(ctx context.Context, cli Cli, argUser, argPassword, defaultUsername, serverAddress string) (authConfig registrytypes.AuthConfig, err error) {
+func PromptUserForCredentials(ctx context.Context, cli Cli, argUser, argPassword, defaultUsername, serverAddress string) (registrytypes.AuthConfig, error) {
 	// On Windows, force the use of the regular OS stdin stream.
 	//
 	// See:
@@ -123,57 +128,71 @@ func PromptUserForCredentials(ctx context.Context, cli Cli, argUser, argPassword
 		cli.SetIn(streams.NewIn(os.Stdin))
 	}
 
-	isDefaultRegistry := serverAddress == registry.IndexServer
-	defaultUsername = strings.TrimSpace(defaultUsername)
-
-	if argUser = strings.TrimSpace(argUser); argUser == "" {
-		if isDefaultRegistry {
-			// if this is a default registry (docker hub), then display the following message.
-			fmt.Fprintln(cli.Out(), "Log in with your Docker ID or email address to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com/ to create one.")
+	argUser = strings.TrimSpace(argUser)
+	if argUser == "" {
+		if serverAddress == registry.IndexServer {
+			// When signing in to the default (Docker Hub) registry, we display
+			// hints for creating an account, and (if hints are enabled), using
+			// a token instead of a password.
+			_, _ = fmt.Fprintln(cli.Out(), registerSuggest)
 			if hints.Enabled() {
-				fmt.Fprintln(cli.Out(), patSuggest)
-				fmt.Fprintln(cli.Out())
+				_, _ = fmt.Fprintln(cli.Out(), patSuggest)
+				_, _ = fmt.Fprintln(cli.Out())
 			}
 		}
 
 		var prompt string
+		defaultUsername = strings.TrimSpace(defaultUsername)
 		if defaultUsername == "" {
 			prompt = "Username: "
 		} else {
 			prompt = fmt.Sprintf("Username (%s): ", defaultUsername)
 		}
+
+		var err error
 		argUser, err = PromptForInput(ctx, cli.In(), cli.Out(), prompt)
 		if err != nil {
-			return authConfig, err
+			return registrytypes.AuthConfig{}, err
 		}
 		if argUser == "" {
 			argUser = defaultUsername
 		}
+		if argUser == "" {
+			return registrytypes.AuthConfig{}, errors.Errorf("Error: Non-null Username Required")
+		}
 	}
-	if argUser == "" {
-		return authConfig, errors.Errorf("Error: Non-null Username Required")
-	}
+
+	argPassword = strings.TrimSpace(argPassword)
 	if argPassword == "" {
 		restoreInput, err := DisableInputEcho(cli.In())
 		if err != nil {
-			return authConfig, err
+			return registrytypes.AuthConfig{}, err
 		}
-		defer restoreInput()
+		defer func() {
+			if err := restoreInput(); err != nil {
+				// TODO(thaJeztah): we should consider printing instructions how
+				//  to restore this manually (other than restarting the shell).
+				//  e.g., 'run stty echo' when in a Linux or macOS shell, but
+				//  PowerShell and CMD.exe may need different instructions.
+				_, _ = fmt.Fprintln(cli.Err(), "Error: failed to restore terminal state to echo input:", err)
+			}
+		}()
 
 		argPassword, err = PromptForInput(ctx, cli.In(), cli.Out(), "Password: ")
 		if err != nil {
-			return authConfig, err
+			return registrytypes.AuthConfig{}, err
 		}
-		fmt.Fprint(cli.Out(), "\n")
+		_, _ = fmt.Fprintln(cli.Out())
 		if argPassword == "" {
-			return authConfig, errors.Errorf("Error: Password Required")
+			return registrytypes.AuthConfig{}, errors.Errorf("Error: Password Required")
 		}
 	}
 
-	authConfig.Username = argUser
-	authConfig.Password = argPassword
-	authConfig.ServerAddress = serverAddress
-	return authConfig, nil
+	return registrytypes.AuthConfig{
+		Username:      argUser,
+		Password:      argPassword,
+		ServerAddress: serverAddress,
+	}, nil
 }
 
 // RetrieveAuthTokenFromImage retrieves an encoded auth token given a complete

cli/command/registry/formatter_search_test.go

@@ -203,7 +203,6 @@ result2 5
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
 			var out bytes.Buffer
 			err := SearchWrite(formatter.Context{Format: tc.format, Output: &out}, results)

cli/command/registry/login.go

@@ -58,9 +58,9 @@ func NewLoginCommand(dockerCli command.Cli) *cobra.Command {
 	return cmd
 }
 
-func verifyloginOptions(dockerCli command.Cli, opts *loginOptions) error {
+func verifyLoginOptions(dockerCli command.Cli, opts *loginOptions) error {
 	if opts.password != "" {
-		fmt.Fprintln(dockerCli.Err(), "WARNING! Using --password via the CLI is insecure. Use --password-stdin.")
+		_, _ = fmt.Fprintln(dockerCli.Err(), "WARNING! Using --password via the CLI is insecure. Use --password-stdin.")
 		if opts.passwordStdin {
 			return errors.New("--password and --password-stdin are mutually exclusive")
 		}
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ func verifyloginOptions(dockerCli command.Cli, opts *loginOptions) error {
 }
 
 func runLogin(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, opts loginOptions) error {
-	if err := verifyloginOptions(dockerCli, &opts); err != nil {
+	if err := verifyLoginOptions(dockerCli, &opts); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	var (
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ func loginUser(ctx context.Context, dockerCli command.Cli, opts loginOptions, de
 		if !errors.Is(err, manager.ErrDeviceLoginStartFail) {
 			return response, err
 		}
-		fmt.Fprint(dockerCli.Err(), "Failed to start web-based login - falling back to command line login...\n\n")
+		_, _ = fmt.Fprint(dockerCli.Err(), "Failed to start web-based login - falling back to command line login...\n\n")
 	}
 
 	return loginWithUsernameAndPassword(ctx, dockerCli, opts, defaultUsername, serverAddress)

cli/command/secret/formatter_test.go

@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ id_rsa
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			var out bytes.Buffer
 			tc.context.Output = &out

cli/command/secret/inspect_test.go

@@ -93,7 +93,6 @@ func TestSecretInspectWithoutFormat(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				secretInspectFunc: tc.secretInspectFunc,
@@ -132,7 +131,6 @@ func TestSecretInspectWithFormat(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				secretInspectFunc: tc.secretInspectFunc,

cli/command/service/formatter_test.go

@@ -223,7 +223,6 @@ zarp2
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			var out bytes.Buffer
 			tc.context.Output = &out

cli/command/service/list_test.go

@@ -168,7 +168,6 @@ func TestServiceListServiceStatus(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range matrix {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
 			if tc.cluster == nil {
 				tc.cluster = generateCluster(t, tc.opts)

cli/command/service/opts_test.go

@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ func TestCredentialSpecOpt(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range tests {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			var cs credentialSpecOpt
 

cli/command/service/rollback_test.go

@@ -91,7 +91,6 @@ func TestRollbackWithErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := newRollbackCommand(
 				test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{

cli/command/service/update.go

@@ -1058,7 +1058,6 @@ func updatePorts(flags *pflag.FlagSet, portConfig *[]swarm.PortConfig) error {
 
 	// Build the current list of portConfig
 	for _, entry := range *portConfig {
-		entry := entry
 		if _, ok := portSet[portConfigToString(&entry)]; !ok {
 			portSet[portConfigToString(&entry)] = entry
 		}
@@ -1086,7 +1085,6 @@ portLoop:
 		ports := flags.Lookup(flagPublishAdd).Value.(*opts.PortOpt).Value()
 
 		for _, port := range ports {
-			port := port
 			if _, ok := portSet[portConfigToString(&port)]; ok {
 				continue
 			}

cli/command/service/update_test.go

@@ -1690,7 +1690,6 @@ func TestUpdateUlimits(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range tests {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			svc := swarm.ServiceSpec{
 				TaskTemplate: swarm.TaskSpec{

cli/command/stack/formatter/formatter_test.go

@@ -51,7 +51,6 @@ bar
 		{Name: "bar", Services: 1},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range cases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(string(tc.context.Format), func(t *testing.T) {
 			var out bytes.Buffer
 			tc.context.Output = &out

cli/command/stack/list_test.go

@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ func TestListErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.expectedError, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := newListCommand(test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				serviceListFunc: tc.serviceListFunc,
@@ -104,7 +103,6 @@ func TestStackList(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
 			var services []swarm.Service
 			for _, name := range tc.serviceNames {

cli/command/stack/ps_test.go

@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ func TestStackPsErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.expectedError, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := newPsCommand(test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				taskListFunc: tc.taskListFunc,
@@ -160,7 +159,6 @@ func TestStackPs(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.doc, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				taskListFunc:       tc.taskListFunc,

cli/command/stack/services_test.go

@@ -67,7 +67,6 @@ func TestStackServicesErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.expectedError, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				serviceListFunc: tc.serviceListFunc,

cli/command/stack/swarm/deploy_test.go

@@ -88,7 +88,6 @@ func TestServiceUpdateResolveImageChanged(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 
 	for _, tc := range testcases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.image, func(t *testing.T) {
 			spec := map[string]swarm.ServiceSpec{
 				"myservice": {

cli/command/swarm/init_test.go

@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ func TestSwarmInitErrorOnAPIFailure(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := newInitCommand(
 				test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{

cli/command/swarm/join_test.go

@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ func TestSwarmJoinErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := newJoinCommand(
 				test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
@@ -93,7 +92,6 @@ func TestSwarmJoin(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				infoFunc: tc.infoFunc,

cli/command/swarm/join_token_test.go

@@ -87,7 +87,6 @@ func TestSwarmJoinTokenErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				swarmInspectFunc: tc.swarmInspectFunc,
@@ -198,7 +197,6 @@ func TestSwarmJoinToken(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cli := test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{
 				swarmInspectFunc: tc.swarmInspectFunc,

cli/command/swarm/leave_test.go

@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ func TestSwarmLeaveErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		tc := tc
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			cmd := newLeaveCommand(
 				test.NewFakeCli(&fakeClient{