We'll be using release branches for minor version updates, so instead
of (e.g.) a 27.0 branch, we'll be using 27.x and continue using the
branch for minor version updates.
This patch changes the validation step to only compare against the
major version.
Co-authored-by: Cory Snider <corhere@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sebastiaan van Stijn <github@gone.nl>
- https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=milestone%3AGo1.21.12+label%3ACherryPickApproved
- full diff: https://github.com/golang/go/compare/go1.21.11...go1.21.12
These minor releases include 1 security fixes following the security policy:
net/http: denial of service due to improper 100-continue handling
The net/http HTTP/1.1 client mishandled the case where a server responds to a request with an "Expect: 100-continue" header with a non-informational (200 or higher) status. This mishandling could leave a client connection in an invalid state, where the next request sent on the connection will fail.
An attacker sending a request to a net/http/httputil.ReverseProxy proxy can exploit this mishandling to cause a denial of service by sending "Expect: 100-continue" requests which elicit a non-informational response from the backend. Each such request leaves the proxy with an invalid connection, and causes one subsequent request using that connection to fail.
Thanks to Geoff Franks for reporting this issue.
This is CVE-2024-24791 and Go issue https://go.dev/issue/67555.
View the release notes for more information:
https://go.dev/doc/devel/release#go1.21.12
**- Description for the changelog**
```markdown changelog
Update Go runtime to 1.21.12
```
Signed-off-by: Paweł Gronowski <pawel.gronowski@docker.com>
go1.21.11 (released 2024-06-04) includes security fixes to the archive/zip
and net/netip packages, as well as bug fixes to the compiler, the go command,
the runtime, and the os package. See the Go 1.21.11 milestone on our issue
tracker for details;
- https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=milestone%3AGo1.21.11+label%3ACherryPickApproved
- full diff: https://github.com/golang/go/compare/go1.21.10...go1.21.11
From the security announcement;
We have just released Go versions 1.22.4 and 1.21.11, minor point releases.
These minor releases include 2 security fixes following the security policy:
- archive/zip: mishandling of corrupt central directory record
The archive/zip package's handling of certain types of invalid zip files
differed from the behavior of most zip implementations. This misalignment
could be exploited to create an zip file with contents that vary depending
on the implementation reading the file. The archive/zip package now rejects
files containing these errors.
Thanks to Yufan You for reporting this issue.
This is CVE-2024-24789 and Go issue https://go.dev/issue/66869.
- net/netip: unexpected behavior from Is methods for IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses
The various Is methods (IsPrivate, IsLoopback, etc) did not work as expected
for IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses, returning false for addresses which would
return true in their traditional IPv4 forms.
Thanks to Enze Wang of Alioth and Jianjun Chen of Zhongguancun Lab
for reporting this issue.
This is CVE-2024-24790 and Go issue https://go.dev/issue/67680.
Signed-off-by: Sebastiaan van Stijn <github@gone.nl>
These minor releases include 2 security fixes following the security policy:
- cmd/go: arbitrary code execution during build on darwin
On Darwin, building a Go module which contains CGO can trigger arbitrary code execution when using the Apple version of ld, due to
usage of the -lto_library flag in a "#cgo LDFLAGS" directive.
Thanks to Juho Forsén of Mattermost for reporting this issue.
This is CVE-2024-24787 and Go issue https://go.dev/issue/67119.
- net: malformed DNS message can cause infinite loop
A malformed DNS message in response to a query can cause the Lookup functions to get stuck in an infinite loop.
Thanks to long-name-let-people-remember-you on GitHub for reporting this issue, and to Mateusz Poliwczak for bringing the issue to
our attention.
This is CVE-2024-24788 and Go issue https://go.dev/issue/66754.
View the release notes for more information:
https://go.dev/doc/devel/release#go1.22.3
- https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=milestone%3AGo1.21.10+label%3ACherryPickApproved
- full diff: https://github.com/golang/go/compare/go1.21.9...go1.21.10
**- Description for the changelog**
```markdown changelog
Update Go runtime to 1.21.10
```
Signed-off-by: Paweł Gronowski <pawel.gronowski@docker.com>
actions/setup-go was trying to use caching, and produced a warning
because it expects a `go.mod` / `go.sum`;
Run actions/setup-go@v5
with:
go-version: 1.21
check-latest: false
token: ***
cache: true
env:
DISABLE_WARN_OUTSIDE_CONTAINER: 1
Setup go version spec 1.21
Found in cache @ /opt/hostedtoolcache/go/1.21.9/x64
Added go to the path
Successfully set up Go version 1.21
/opt/hostedtoolcache/go/1.21.9/x64/bin/go env GOMODCACHE
/opt/hostedtoolcache/go/1.21.9/x64/bin/go env GOCACHE
/home/runner/go/pkg/mod
/home/runner/.cache/go-build
Warning: Restore cache failed: Dependencies file is not found in /home/runner/work/cli/cli. Supported file pattern: go.sum
go version go1.21.9 linux/amd64
While our regular builds would use a containerised flow, CodeQL's autobuild
does not, and also doesn't seem to use our vendor directory (?) so for this
one it's probably fine to let it use some caching.
Signed-off-by: Sebastiaan van Stijn <github@gone.nl>
This will make Github render the log line as an error.
(copied from moby/moby fb92caf2aa6cf3664e11dc06ee10d114af300826)
Signed-off-by: Paweł Gronowski <pawel.gronowski@docker.com>
Any PR that is labeled with any `impact/*` label should have a
description for the changelog and an `area/*` label.
(copied from moby/moby 1d473549e865ef6b90ee936c280f4bda677de39b)
Signed-off-by: Paweł Gronowski <pawel.gronowski@docker.com>
CodeQL autobuild uses the makefile, but outside of a container, so let's
set this variable to prevent it having to wait 10 seconds;
Use "make dev" to start an interactive development container,
use "make -f docker.Makefile " to execute this target
in a container, or set DISABLE_WARN_OUTSIDE_CONTAINER=1 to
disable this warning.
Press Ctrl+C now to abort, or wait for the script to continue..
Signed-off-by: Sebastiaan van Stijn <github@gone.nl>
CodeQL 2.16.4's auto-build added support for multi-module repositories,
and is trying to be smart by searching for modules in every directory,
including vendor directories. If no module is found, it's creating one
which is ... not what we want, so let's give it a "go.mod".
Here's from a run in CI;
/opt/hostedtoolcache/CodeQL/2.16.4/x64/codeql/codeql version --format=json
{
"productName" : "CodeQL",
"vendor" : "GitHub",
"version" : "2.16.4",
"sha" : "9727ba3cd3d5a26f8b9347bf3c3eb4f565ac077b",
"branches" : [
"codeql-cli-2.16.4"
],
"copyright" : "Copyright (C) 2019-2024 GitHub, Inc.",
"unpackedLocation" : "/opt/hostedtoolcache/CodeQL/2.16.4/x64/codeql",
"configFileLocation" : "/home/runner/.config/codeql/config",
"configFileFound" : false,
"features" : {
"analysisSummaryV2Option" : true,
"buildModeOption" : true,
"bundleSupportsIncludeDiagnostics" : true,
"featuresInVersionResult" : true,
"indirectTracingSupportsStaticBinaries" : false,
"informsAboutUnsupportedPathFilters" : true,
"supportsPython312" : true,
"mrvaPackCreate" : true,
"threatModelOption" : true,
"traceCommandUseBuildMode" : true,
"v2ramSizing" : true,
"mrvaPackCreateMultipleQueries" : true,
"setsCodeqlRunnerEnvVar" : true
}
}
With 2.16.4, first it is unable to correlate files with the project, considering
them "stray" files;
Attempting to automatically build go code
/opt/hostedtoolcache/CodeQL/2.16.4/x64/codeql/go/tools/autobuild.sh
2024/03/16 15:54:34 Autobuilder was built with go1.22.0, environment has go1.21.8
2024/03/16 15:54:34 LGTM_SRC is /home/runner/work/cli/cli
2024/03/16 15:54:34 Found no go.work files in the workspace; looking for go.mod files...
2024/03/16 15:54:34 Found stray Go source file in cli/cobra.go.
2024/03/16 15:54:34 Found stray Go source file in cli/cobra_test.go.
2024/03/16 15:54:34 Found stray Go source file in cli/command/builder/client_test.go.
2024/03/16 15:54:34 Found stray Go source file in cli/command/builder/cmd.go.
...
It then tries to build the binary, but in go modules mode, which fails (it also
seems to be doing this for each and every directory);
Use "make dev" to start an interactive development container,
use "make -f docker.Makefile " to execute this target
in a container, or set DISABLE_WARN_OUTSIDE_CONTAINER=1 to
disable this warning.
Press Ctrl+C now to abort, or wait for the script to continue..
./scripts/build/binary
Building static docker-linux-amd64
+ go build -o build/docker-linux-amd64 -tags osusergo pkcs11 -ldflags -X "github.com/docker/cli/cli/version.GitCommit=38c3ff6" -X "github.com/docker/cli/cli/version.BuildTime=2024-03-16T17:20:38Z" -X "github.com/docker/cli/cli/version.Version=38c3ff6.m" -extldflags -static -buildmode=pie github.com/docker/cli/cmd/docker
cannot find package "github.com/docker/cli/cmd/docker" in any of:
/opt/hostedtoolcache/go/1.21.8/x64/src/github.com/docker/cli/cmd/docker (from $GOROOT)
/home/runner/go/src/github.com/docker/cli/cmd/docker (from $GOPATH)
make: *** [Makefile:62: binary] Error 1
2024/03/16 17:20:38 Running /usr/bin/make [make] failed, continuing anyway: exit status 2
2024/03/16 17:20:38 Build failed, continuing to install dependencies.
2024/03/16 17:20:38 The code in vendor/gotest.tools/v3/skip seems to be missing a go.mod file. Attempting to initialize one...
2024/03/16 17:20:38 Import path is 'github.com/docker/cli'
If also seems to be doing this for ... every package?
cat 0_codeql.log | grep 'you are not in a container' | wc -l
497
After which it starts to create modules out of every directory;
The code in internal/test/network seems to be missing a go.mod file. Attempting to initialize one...
The code in internal/test/notary seems to be missing a go.mod file. Attempting to initialize one...
The code in internal/test/output seems to be missing a go.mod file. Attempting to initialize one...
The code in opts seems to be missing a go.mod file. Attempting to initialize one...
The code in service seems to be missing a go.mod file. Attempting to initialize one...
The code in service/logs seems to be missing a go.mod file. Attempting to initialize one...
The code in templates seems to be missing a go.mod file. Attempting to initialize one...
The code in vendor seems to be missing a go.mod file. Attempting to initialize one...
The code in vendor/dario.cat seems to be missing a go.mod file. Attempting to initialize one...
The code in vendor/dario.cat/mergo seems to be missing a go.mod file. Attempting to initialize one...
...
Skipping dependency package regexp.
Skipping dependency package github.com/opencontainers/go-digest.
Skipping dependency package github.com/distribution/reference.
Extracting /home/runner/work/cli/cli/cli/command/go.mod
Done extracting /home/runner/work/cli/cli/cli/command/go.mod (1ms)
Extracting /home/runner/work/cli/cli/cli/command/go.mod
Done extracting /home/runner/work/cli/cli/cli/command/go.mod (0ms)
Extracting /home/runner/work/cli/cli/cli/command/go.mod
Done extracting /home/runner/work/cli/cli/cli/command/go.mod (0ms)
Signed-off-by: Sebastiaan van Stijn <github@gone.nl>
- gha runners updated to ubuntu 22.04
- e2e now runs against moby 23.0, 24.0 and 25.0
- temporarily skip broken test for moby < 25
Signed-off-by: Christopher Petito <chrisjpetito@gmail.com>
Build and push an image containing a static CLI binary for master branch
and every release branch and tag.
This is a slightly adjusted copy of the bin-image workflow from
docker/buildx (by @crazy-max).
Co-authored-by: CrazyMax <crazy-max@users.noreply.github.com>
Signed-off-by: Paweł Gronowski <pawel.gronowski@docker.com>
Build and push an image containing a static CLI binary for master branch
and every release branch and tag.
This is a slightly adjusted copy of the bin-image workflow from
docker/buildx (by @crazy-max).
Co-authored-by: CrazyMax <crazy-max@users.noreply.github.com>
Signed-off-by: Paweł Gronowski <pawel.gronowski@docker.com>
go1.21.5 (released 2023-12-05) includes security fixes to the go command,
and the net/http and path/filepath packages, as well as bug fixes to the
compiler, the go command, the runtime, and the crypto/rand, net, os, and
syscall packages. See the Go 1.21.5 milestone on our issue tracker for
details:
- https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=milestone%3AGo1.21.5+label%3ACherryPickApproved
- full diff: https://github.com/golang/go/compare/go1.21.5...go1.21.5
from the security mailing:
[security] Go 1.21.5 and Go 1.20.12 are released
Hello gophers,
We have just released Go versions 1.21.5 and 1.20.12, minor point releases.
These minor releases include 3 security fixes following the security policy:
- net/http: limit chunked data overhead
A malicious HTTP sender can use chunk extensions to cause a receiver
reading from a request or response body to read many more bytes from
the network than are in the body.
A malicious HTTP client can further exploit this to cause a server to
automatically read a large amount of data (up to about 1GiB) when a
handler fails to read the entire body of a request.
Chunk extensions are a little-used HTTP feature which permit including
additional metadata in a request or response body sent using the chunked
encoding. The net/http chunked encoding reader discards this metadata.
A sender can exploit this by inserting a large metadata segment with
each byte transferred. The chunk reader now produces an error if the
ratio of real body to encoded bytes grows too small.
Thanks to Bartek Nowotarski for reporting this issue.
This is CVE-2023-39326 and Go issue https://go.dev/issue/64433.
- cmd/go: go get may unexpectedly fallback to insecure git
Using go get to fetch a module with the ".git" suffix may unexpectedly
fallback to the insecure "git://" protocol if the module is unavailable
via the secure "https://" and "git+ssh://" protocols, even if GOINSECURE
is not set for said module. This only affects users who are not using
the module proxy and are fetching modules directly (i.e. GOPROXY=off).
Thanks to David Leadbeater for reporting this issue.
This is CVE-2023-45285 and Go issue https://go.dev/issue/63845.
- path/filepath: retain trailing \ when cleaning paths like \\?\c:\
Go 1.20.11 and Go 1.21.4 inadvertently changed the definition of the
volume name in Windows paths starting with \\?\, resulting in
filepath.Clean(\\?\c:\) returning \\?\c: rather than \\?\c:\ (among
other effects). The previous behavior has been restored.
This is an update to CVE-2023-45283 and Go issue https://go.dev/issue/64028.
Signed-off-by: Sebastiaan van Stijn <github@gone.nl>
Reverts "update to go1.21.4" due to regressions / breaking changes."
This reverts commit 4cf1c50ad1.
This re-applies commit 6472dabe4c.
----
update to go1.21.4
go1.21.4 (released 2023-11-07) includes security fixes to the path/filepath package, as well as bug fixes to the linker, the runtime, the compiler, and the go/types, net/http, and runtime/cgo packages. See the Go 1.21.4 milestone on our issue tracker for details:
- https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=milestone%3AGo1.21.4+label%3ACherryPickApproved
- full diff: https://github.com/golang/go/compare/go1.21.3...go1.21.4
from the security mailing:
[security] Go 1.21.4 and Go 1.20.11 are released
Hello gophers,
We have just released Go versions 1.21.4 and 1.20.11, minor point releases.
These minor releases include 2 security fixes following the security policy:
- path/filepath: recognize `\??\` as a Root Local Device path prefix.
On Windows, a path beginning with `\??\` is a Root Local Device path equivalent
to a path beginning with `\\?\`. Paths with a `\??\` prefix may be used to
access arbitrary locations on the system. For example, the path `\??\c:\x`
is equivalent to the more common path c:\x.
The filepath package did not recognize paths with a `\??\` prefix as special.
Clean could convert a rooted path such as `\a\..\??\b` into
the root local device path `\??\b`. It will now convert this
path into `.\??\b`.
`IsAbs` did not report paths beginning with `\??\` as absolute.
It now does so.
VolumeName now reports the `\??\` prefix as a volume name.
`Join(`\`, `??`, `b`)` could convert a seemingly innocent
sequence of path elements into the root local device path
`\??\b`. It will now convert this to `\.\??\b`.
This is CVE-2023-45283 and https://go.dev/issue/63713.
- path/filepath: recognize device names with trailing spaces and superscripts
The `IsLocal` function did not correctly detect reserved names in some cases:
- reserved names followed by spaces, such as "COM1 ".
- "COM" or "LPT" followed by a superscript 1, 2, or 3.
`IsLocal` now correctly reports these names as non-local.
This is CVE-2023-45284 and https://go.dev/issue/63713.
Signed-off-by: Sebastiaan van Stijn <github@gone.nl>
Unfortunately, the go1.21.4 security update exposed some regressions / breaking
changes in moby (docker engine) and containerd. These issues are looked into,
but in the meantime we should revert this patch.
This temporarily reintroduces CVE-2023-45284 and CVE-2023-45283.
This reverts commit 6472dabe4c.
Signed-off-by: Sebastiaan van Stijn <github@gone.nl>
go1.21.4 (released 2023-11-07) includes security fixes to the path/filepath
package, as well as bug fixes to the linker, the runtime, the compiler, and
the go/types, net/http, and runtime/cgo packages. See the Go 1.21.4 milestone
on our issue tracker for details:
- https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=milestone%3AGo1.21.4+label%3ACherryPickApproved
- full diff: https://github.com/golang/go/compare/go1.21.3...go1.21.4
from the security mailing:
[security] Go 1.21.4 and Go 1.20.11 are released
Hello gophers,
We have just released Go versions 1.21.4 and 1.20.11, minor point releases.
These minor releases include 2 security fixes following the security policy:
- path/filepath: recognize `\??\` as a Root Local Device path prefix.
On Windows, a path beginning with `\??\` is a Root Local Device path equivalent
to a path beginning with `\\?\`. Paths with a `\??\` prefix may be used to
access arbitrary locations on the system. For example, the path `\??\c:\x`
is equivalent to the more common path c:\x.
The filepath package did not recognize paths with a `\??\` prefix as special.
Clean could convert a rooted path such as `\a\..\??\b` into
the root local device path `\??\b`. It will now convert this
path into `.\??\b`.
`IsAbs` did not report paths beginning with `\??\` as absolute.
It now does so.
VolumeName now reports the `\??\` prefix as a volume name.
`Join(`\`, `??`, `b`)` could convert a seemingly innocent
sequence of path elements into the root local device path
`\??\b`. It will now convert this to `\.\??\b`.
This is CVE-2023-45283 and https://go.dev/issue/63713.
- path/filepath: recognize device names with trailing spaces and superscripts
The `IsLocal` function did not correctly detect reserved names in some cases:
- reserved names followed by spaces, such as "COM1 ".
- "COM" or "LPT" followed by a superscript 1, 2, or 3.
`IsLocal` now correctly reports these names as non-local.
This is CVE-2023-45284 and https://go.dev/issue/63713.
Signed-off-by: Sebastiaan van Stijn <github@gone.nl>
go1.21.3 (released 2023-10-10) includes a security fix to the net/http package.
See the Go 1.21.3 milestone on our issue tracker for details:
https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=milestone%3AGo1.21.3+label%3ACherryPickApproved
full diff: https://github.com/golang/go/compare/go1.21.2...go1.21.3
From the security mailing:
[security] Go 1.21.3 and Go 1.20.10 are released
Hello gophers,
We have just released Go versions 1.21.3 and 1.20.10, minor point releases.
These minor releases include 1 security fixes following the security policy:
- net/http: rapid stream resets can cause excessive work
A malicious HTTP/2 client which rapidly creates requests and
immediately resets them can cause excessive server resource consumption.
While the total number of requests is bounded to the
http2.Server.MaxConcurrentStreams setting, resetting an in-progress
request allows the attacker to create a new request while the existing
one is still executing.
HTTP/2 servers now bound the number of simultaneously executing
handler goroutines to the stream concurrency limit. New requests
arriving when at the limit (which can only happen after the client
has reset an existing, in-flight request) will be queued until a
handler exits. If the request queue grows too large, the server
will terminate the connection.
This issue is also fixed in golang.org/x/net/http2 v0.17.0,
for users manually configuring HTTP/2.
The default stream concurrency limit is 250 streams (requests)
per HTTP/2 connection. This value may be adjusted using the
golang.org/x/net/http2 package; see the Server.MaxConcurrentStreams
setting and the ConfigureServer function.
This is CVE-2023-39325 and Go issue https://go.dev/issue/63417.
This is also tracked by CVE-2023-44487.
Signed-off-by: Sebastiaan van Stijn <github@gone.nl>
go1.21.2 (released 2023-10-05) includes one security fixes to the cmd/go package,
as well as bug fixes to the compiler, the go command, the linker, the runtime,
and the runtime/metrics package. See the Go 1.21.2 milestone on our issue
tracker for details:
https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=milestone%3AGo1.21.2+label%3ACherryPickApproved
full diff: https://github.com/golang/go/compare/go1.21.1...go1.21.2
From the security mailing:
[security] Go 1.21.2 and Go 1.20.9 are released
Hello gophers,
We have just released Go versions 1.21.2 and 1.20.9, minor point releases.
These minor releases include 1 security fixes following the security policy:
- cmd/go: line directives allows arbitrary execution during build
"//line" directives can be used to bypass the restrictions on "//go:cgo_"
directives, allowing blocked linker and compiler flags to be passed during
compliation. This can result in unexpected execution of arbitrary code when
running "go build". The line directive requires the absolute path of the file in
which the directive lives, which makes exploting this issue significantly more
complex.
This is CVE-2023-39323 and Go issue https://go.dev/issue/63211.
Signed-off-by: Sebastiaan van Stijn <github@gone.nl>
go1.20.8 (released 2023-09-06) includes two security fixes to the html/template
package, as well as bug fixes to the compiler, the go command, the runtime,
and the crypto/tls, go/types, net/http, and path/filepath packages. See the
Go 1.20.8 milestone on our issue tracker for details:
https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=milestone%3AGo1.20.8+label%3ACherryPickApproved
full diff: https://github.com/golang/go/compare/go1.20.7...go1.20.8
From the security mailing:
[security] Go 1.21.1 and Go 1.20.8 are released
Hello gophers,
We have just released Go versions 1.21.1 and 1.20.8, minor point releases.
These minor releases include 4 security fixes following the security policy:
- cmd/go: go.mod toolchain directive allows arbitrary execution
The go.mod toolchain directive, introduced in Go 1.21, could be leveraged to
execute scripts and binaries relative to the root of the module when the "go"
command was executed within the module. This applies to modules downloaded using
the "go" command from the module proxy, as well as modules downloaded directly
using VCS software.
Thanks to Juho Nurminen of Mattermost for reporting this issue.
This is CVE-2023-39320 and Go issue https://go.dev/issue/62198.
- html/template: improper handling of HTML-like comments within script contexts
The html/template package did not properly handle HMTL-like "<!--" and "-->"
comment tokens, nor hashbang "#!" comment tokens, in <script> contexts. This may
cause the template parser to improperly interpret the contents of <script>
contexts, causing actions to be improperly escaped. This could be leveraged to
perform an XSS attack.
Thanks to Takeshi Kaneko (GMO Cybersecurity by Ierae, Inc.) for reporting this
issue.
This is CVE-2023-39318 and Go issue https://go.dev/issue/62196.
- html/template: improper handling of special tags within script contexts
The html/template package did not apply the proper rules for handling occurrences
of "<script", "<!--", and "</script" within JS literals in <script> contexts.
This may cause the template parser to improperly consider script contexts to be
terminated early, causing actions to be improperly escaped. This could be
leveraged to perform an XSS attack.
Thanks to Takeshi Kaneko (GMO Cybersecurity by Ierae, Inc.) for reporting this
issue.
This is CVE-2023-39319 and Go issue https://go.dev/issue/62197.
- crypto/tls: panic when processing post-handshake message on QUIC connections
Processing an incomplete post-handshake message for a QUIC connection caused a panic.
Thanks to Marten Seemann for reporting this issue.
This is CVE-2023-39321 and CVE-2023-39322 and Go issue https://go.dev/issue/62266.
Signed-off-by: Sebastiaan van Stijn <github@gone.nl>
Sebastiaan van Stijn
Sebastiaan van Stijn
Alano Terblanche
Paweł Gronowski
dependabot[bot]
Grace Choi
Christopher Petito
CrazyMax
Gabriela Georgieva
Bjorn Neergaard