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docs: improved docker run cli reference 

Signed-off-by: Djordje Lukic <djordje.lukic@docker.com>
Signed-off-by: David Karlsson <david.karlsson@docker.com>
This commit is contained in:
Djordje Lukic 2022-10-28 17:12:54 +02:00 committed by David Karlsson
parent 4e05b45a90
commit bfcadab0be
1 changed files with 120 additions and 150 deletions
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docs/reference/commandline/run.md
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@ -15,136 +15,105 @@ Aliases:
docker container run, docker run
Options:
--add-host value Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip) (default [])
-a, --attach value Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR (default [])
--blkio-weight value Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000
--blkio-weight-device value Block IO weight (relative device weight) (default [])
--cap-add value Add Linux capabilities (default [])
--cap-drop value Drop Linux capabilities (default [])
--cgroupns string Cgroup namespace to use
--add-host list Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)
-a, --attach list Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
--blkio-weight uint16 Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000, or 0 to disable (default 0)
--blkio-weight-device list Block IO weight (relative device weight) (default [])
--cap-add list Add Linux capabilities
--cap-drop list Drop Linux capabilities
--cgroup-parent string Optional parent cgroup for the container
--cgroupns string Cgroup namespace to use (host|private)
'host': Run the container in the Docker host's cgroup namespace
'private': Run the container in its own private cgroup namespace
'': Use the default Docker daemon cgroup namespace specified by the `--default-cgroupns-mode` option
--cgroup-parent string Optional parent cgroup for the container
'': Use the cgroup namespace as configured by the
default-cgroupns-mode option on the daemon (default)
--cidfile string Write the container ID to the file
--cpu-count int The number of CPUs available for execution by the container.
Windows daemon only. On Windows Server containers, this is
approximated as a percentage of total CPU usage.
--cpu-percent int Limit percentage of CPU available for execution
by the container. Windows daemon only.
The processor resource controls are mutually
exclusive, the order of precedence is CPUCount
first, then CPUShares, and CPUPercent last.
--cpu-period int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period
--cpu-quota int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota
--cpu-rt-period int Limit CPU real-time period in microseconds
--cpu-rt-runtime int Limit CPU real-time runtime in microseconds
-c, --cpu-shares int CPU shares (relative weight)
--cpus NanoCPUs Number of CPUs (default 0.000)
--cpu-rt-period int Limit the CPU real-time period in microseconds
--cpu-rt-runtime int Limit the CPU real-time runtime in microseconds
--cpus decimal Number of CPUs
--cpuset-cpus string CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
--cpuset-mems string MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
-d, --detach Run container in background and print container ID
--detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a container
--device value Add a host device to the container (default [])
--device-cgroup-rule value Add a rule to the cgroup allowed devices list
--device-read-bps value Limit read rate (bytes per second) from a device (default [])
--device-read-iops value Limit read rate (IO per second) from a device (default [])
--device-write-bps value Limit write rate (bytes per second) to a device (default [])
--device-write-iops value Limit write rate (IO per second) to a device (default [])
--device list Add a host device to the container
--device-cgroup-rule list Add a rule to the cgroup allowed devices list
--device-read-bps list Limit read rate (bytes per second) from a device (default [])
--device-read-iops list Limit read rate (IO per second) from a device (default [])
--device-write-bps list Limit write rate (bytes per second) to a device (default [])
--device-write-iops list Limit write rate (IO per second) to a device (default [])
--disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true)
--dns value Set custom DNS servers (default [])
--dns-option value Set DNS options (default [])
--dns-search value Set custom DNS search domains (default [])
--dns list Set custom DNS servers
--dns-option list Set DNS options
--dns-search list Set custom DNS search domains
--domainname string Container NIS domain name
--entrypoint string Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image
-e, --env value Set environment variables (default [])
--env-file value Read in a file of environment variables (default [])
--expose value Expose a port or a range of ports (default [])
--group-add value Add additional groups to join (default [])
-e, --env list Set environment variables
--env-file list Read in a file of environment variables
--expose list Expose a port or a range of ports
--gpus gpu-request GPU devices to add to the container ('all' to pass all GPUs)
--group-add list Add additional groups to join
--health-cmd string Command to run to check health
--health-interval duration Time between running the check (ns|us|ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--health-interval duration Time between running the check (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--health-retries int Consecutive failures needed to report unhealthy
--health-timeout duration Maximum time to allow one check to run (ns|us|ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--health-start-period duration Start period for the container to initialize before counting retries towards unstable (ns|us|ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--health-start-period duration Start period for the container to initialize before starting health-retries countdown (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--health-timeout duration Maximum time to allow one check to run (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--help Print usage
-h, --hostname string Container host name
--init Run an init inside the container that forwards signals and reaps processes
-i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached
--io-maxbandwidth string Maximum IO bandwidth limit for the system drive (Windows only)
(Windows only). The format is `<number><unit>`.
Unit is optional and can be `b` (bytes per second),
`k` (kilobytes per second), `m` (megabytes per second),
or `g` (gigabytes per second). If you omit the unit,
the system uses bytes per second.
--io-maxbandwidth and --io-maxiops are mutually exclusive options.
--io-maxiops uint Maximum IOps limit for the system drive (Windows only)
--ip string IPv4 address (e.g., 172.30.100.104)
--ip6 string IPv6 address (e.g., 2001:db8::33)
--ipc string IPC namespace to use
--ipc string IPC mode to use
--isolation string Container isolation technology
--kernel-memory string Kernel memory limit
-l, --label value Set meta data on a container (default [])
--label-file value Read in a line delimited file of labels (default [])
--link value Add link to another container (default [])
--link-local-ip value Container IPv4/IPv6 link-local addresses (default [])
--kernel-memory bytes Kernel memory limit
-l, --label list Set meta data on a container
--label-file list Read in a line delimited file of labels
--link list Add link to another container
--link-local-ip list Container IPv4/IPv6 link-local addresses
--log-driver string Logging driver for the container
--log-opt value Log driver options (default [])
--log-opt list Log driver options
--mac-address string Container MAC address (e.g., 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33)
-m, --memory string Memory limit
--memory-reservation string Memory soft limit
--memory-swap string Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1' to enable unlimited swap
-m, --memory bytes Memory limit
--memory-reservation bytes Memory soft limit
--memory-swap bytes Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1' to enable unlimited swap
--memory-swappiness int Tune container memory swappiness (0 to 100) (default -1)
--mount value Attach a filesystem mount to the container (default [])
--mount mount Attach a filesystem mount to the container
--name string Assign a name to the container
--network-alias value Add network-scoped alias for the container (default [])
--network string Connect a container to a network
'bridge': create a network stack on the default Docker bridge
'none': no networking
'container:<name|id>': reuse another container's network stack
'host': use the Docker host network stack
'<network-name>|<network-id>': connect to a user-defined network
--network network Connect a container to a network
--network-alias list Add network-scoped alias for the container
--no-healthcheck Disable any container-specified HEALTHCHECK
--oom-kill-disable Disable OOM Killer
--oom-score-adj int Tune host's OOM preferences (-1000 to 1000)
--pid string PID namespace to use
--pids-limit int Tune container pids limit (set -1 for unlimited)
--platform string Set platform if server is multi-platform capable
--privileged Give extended privileges to this container
-p, --publish value Publish a container's port(s) to the host (default [])
-p, --publish list Publish a container's port(s) to the host
-P, --publish-all Publish all exposed ports to random ports
--pull string Pull image before running ("always"|"missing"|"never") (default "missing")
-q, --quiet Suppress the pull output
--read-only Mount the container's root filesystem as read only
--restart string Restart policy to apply when a container exits (default "no")
Possible values are : no, on-failure[:max-retry], always, unless-stopped
--rm Automatically remove the container when it exits
--runtime string Runtime to use for this container
--security-opt value Security Options (default [])
--security-opt list Security Options
--shm-size bytes Size of /dev/shm
The format is `<number><unit>`. `number` must be greater than `0`.
Unit is optional and can be `b` (bytes), `k` (kilobytes), `m` (megabytes),
or `g` (gigabytes). If you omit the unit, the system uses bytes.
--sig-proxy Proxy received signals to the process (default true)
--stop-signal string Signal to stop the container
--stop-signal string Signal to stop a container (default "SIGTERM")
--stop-timeout int Timeout (in seconds) to stop a container
--storage-opt value Storage driver options for the container (default [])
--sysctl value Sysctl options (default map[])
--tmpfs value Mount a tmpfs directory (default [])
--storage-opt list Storage driver options for the container
--sysctl map Sysctl options (default map[])
--tmpfs list Mount a tmpfs directory
-t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY
--ulimit value Ulimit options (default [])
--ulimit ulimit Ulimit options (default [])
-u, --user string Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
--userns string User namespace to use
'host': Use the Docker host user namespace
'': Use the Docker daemon user namespace specified by `--userns-remap` option.
--uts string UTS namespace to use
-v, --volume value Bind mount a volume (default []). The format
is `[host-src:]container-dest[:<options>]`.
The comma-delimited `options` are [rw|ro],
[z|Z], [[r]shared|[r]slave|[r]private],
[delegated|cached|consistent], and
[nocopy]. The 'host-src' is an absolute path
or a name value.
-v, --volume list Bind mount a volume
--volume-driver string Optional volume driver for the container
--volumes-from value Mount volumes from the specified container(s) (default [])
--volumes-from list Mount volumes from the specified container(s)
-w, --workdir string Working directory inside the container
```
@ -157,9 +126,6 @@ specified image, and then `starts` it using the specified command. That is,
previous changes intact using `docker start`. See `docker ps -a` to view a list
of all containers.
The `docker run` command can be used in combination with `docker commit` to
[*change the command that a container runs*](commit.md). There is additional detailed information about `docker run` in the [Docker run reference](../run.md).
For information on connecting a container to a network, see the ["*Docker network overview*"](https://docs.docker.com/network/).
## Examples
@ -234,14 +200,14 @@ The `-w` lets the command being executed inside directory given, here
$ docker run -it --storage-opt size=120G fedora /bin/bash
```
This (size) will allow to set the container rootfs size to 120G at creation time.
This (size) will allow to set the container filesystem size to 120G at creation time.
This option is only available for the `devicemapper`, `btrfs`, `overlay2`,
`windowsfilter` and `zfs` graph drivers.
For the `devicemapper`, `btrfs`, `windowsfilter` and `zfs` graph drivers,
user cannot pass a size less than the Default BaseFS Size.
For the `overlay2` storage driver, the size option is only available if the
backing fs is `xfs` and mounted with the `pquota` mount option.
Under these conditions, user can pass any size less than the backing fs size.
backing filesystem is `xfs` and mounted with the `pquota` mount option.
Under these conditions, user can pass any size less than the backing filesystem size.
### <a name=tmpfs></a> Mount tmpfs (--tmpfs)
@ -286,8 +252,8 @@ specified volumes for the container.
$ docker run -t -i -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v /path/to/static-docker-binary:/usr/bin/docker busybox sh
```
By bind-mounting the docker unix socket and statically linked docker
binary (refer to [get the linux binary](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/binaries/#install-static-binaries)),
By bind-mounting the Docker Unix socket and statically linked Docker
binary (refer to [get the Linux binary](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/binaries/#install-static-binaries)),
you give the container the full access to create and manipulate the host's
Docker daemon.
@ -326,7 +292,7 @@ mounts in a container.
The `--mount` flag supports most options that are supported by the `-v` or the
`--volume` flag, but uses a different syntax. For in-depth information on the
`--mount` flag, and a comparison between `--volume` and `--mount`, refer to
the [service create command reference](service_create.md#add-bind-mounts-volumes-or-memory-filesystems).
[Bind mounts](https://docs.docker.com/storage/bind-mounts/).
Even though there is no plan to deprecate `--volume`, usage of `--mount` is recommended.
@ -378,7 +344,7 @@ The `--pull` flag can take one of these values:
When creating (and running) a container from an image, the daemon checks if the
image exists in the local image cache. If the image is missing, an error is
returned to the cli, allowing it to initiate a pull.
returned to the CLI, allowing it to initiate a pull.
The default (`missing`) is to only pull the image if it is not present in the
daemon's image cache. This default allows you to run images that only exist
@ -501,9 +467,11 @@ the Docker User Guide.
### <a name=network></a> Connect a container to a network (--network)
When you start a container use the `--network` flag to connect it to a network.
This adds the `busybox` container to the `my-net` network.
The following commands create a network named `my-net`, and adds a `busybox` container
to the `my-net` network.
```console
$ docker network create my-net
$ docker run -itd --network=my-net busybox
```
@ -524,9 +492,9 @@ from different Engines can also communicate in this way.
> **Note**
>
> Service discovery is unavailable on the default bridge network. Containers can
> communicate via their IP addresses by default. To communicate by name, they
> must be linked.
> The default bridge network only allow containers to communicate with each other using
> internal IP addresses. User-created bridge networks provide DNS resolution between
> containers using container names.
You can disconnect a container from a network using the `docker network
disconnect` command.
@ -582,12 +550,14 @@ still store what's been written to `STDERR` and `STDOUT`.
$ cat somefile | docker run -i -a stdin mybuilder dobuild
```
This is how piping a file into a container could be done for a build.
This is a way of using `--attach` to pipe a build file into a container.
The container's ID will be printed after the build is done and the build
logs could be retrieved using `docker logs`. This is
useful if you need to pipe a file or something else into a container and
retrieve the container's ID once the container has finished running.
See also [the `docker cp` command](/engine/reference/commandline/cp/).
### <a name=device></a> Add host device to container (--device)
```console
@ -687,7 +657,7 @@ install [nvidia-container-runtime](https://nvidia.github.io/nvidia-container-run
Visit [Specify a container's resources](https://docs.docker.com/config/containers/resource_constraints/)
for more information.
To use `--gpus`, specify which GPUs (or all) to use. If no value is provied, all
To use `--gpus`, specify which GPUs (or all) to use. If no value is provided, all
available GPUs are used. The example below exposes all available GPUs.
```console
@ -864,8 +834,8 @@ On Windows, `--isolation` can take one of these values:
| `hyperv` | Hyper-V hypervisor partition-based isolation. |
The default isolation on Windows server operating systems is `process`, and `hyperv`
on Windows client operating systems, such as Windows 10. Process isolation is more
performant, but requires the image to
on Windows client operating systems, such as Windows 10. Process isolation has better
performance, but requires that the image and host use the same kernel version.
On Windows server, assuming the default configuration, these commands are equivalent
and result in `process` isolation: