DockerCLI/docs/reference/commandline/swarm_init.md

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---
title: "swarm init"
description: "The swarm init command description and usage"
keywords: "swarm, init"
---
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# swarm init
```markdown
Usage: docker swarm init [OPTIONS]
Initialize a swarm
Options:
--advertise-addr string Advertised address (format: <ip|interface>[:port])
--autolock Enable manager autolocking (requiring an unlock key to start a stopped manager)
--availability string Availability of the node ("active"|"pause"|"drain") (default "active")
--cert-expiry duration Validity period for node certificates (ns|us|ms|s|m|h) (default 2160h0m0s)
--data-path-addr string Address or interface to use for data path traffic (format: <ip|interface>)
--dispatcher-heartbeat duration Dispatcher heartbeat period (ns|us|ms|s|m|h) (default 5s)
--external-ca external-ca Specifications of one or more certificate signing endpoints
--force-new-cluster Force create a new cluster from current state
--help Print usage
--listen-addr node-addr Listen address (format: <ip|interface>[:port]) (default 0.0.0.0:2377)
--max-snapshots uint Number of additional Raft snapshots to retain
--snapshot-interval uint Number of log entries between Raft snapshots (default 10000)
--task-history-limit int Task history retention limit (default 5)
```
## Description
Initialize a swarm. The docker engine targeted by this command becomes a manager
in the newly created single-node swarm.
## Examples
```bash
Split advertised address from listen address There are currently problems with "swarm init" and "swarm join" when an explicit --listen-addr flag is not provided. swarmkit defaults to finding the IP address associated with the default route, and in cloud setups this is often the wrong choice. Introduce a notion of "advertised address", with the client flag --advertise-addr, and the daemon flag --swarm-default-advertise-addr to provide a default. The default listening address is now 0.0.0.0, but a valid advertised address must be detected or specified. If no explicit advertised address is specified, error out if there is more than one usable candidate IP address on the system. This requires a user to explicitly choose instead of letting swarmkit make the wrong choice. For the purposes of this autodetection, we ignore certain interfaces that are unlikely to be relevant (currently docker*). The user is also required to choose a listen address on swarm init if they specify an explicit advertise address that is a hostname or an IP address that's not local to the system. This is a requirement for overlay networking. Also support specifying interface names to --listen-addr, --advertise-addr, and the daemon flag --swarm-default-advertise-addr. This will fail if the interface has multiple IP addresses (unless it has a single IPv4 address and a single IPv6 address - then we resolve the tie in favor of IPv4). This change also exposes the node's externally-reachable address in docker info, as requested by #24017. Make corresponding API and CLI docs changes. Signed-off-by: Aaron Lehmann <aaron.lehmann@docker.com>
2016-06-30 21:07:35 -04:00
$ docker swarm init --advertise-addr 192.168.99.121
Swarm initialized: current node (bvz81updecsj6wjz393c09vti) is now a manager.
To add a worker to this swarm, run the following command:
docker swarm join \
--token SWMTKN-1-3pu6hszjas19xyp7ghgosyx9k8atbfcr8p2is99znpy26u2lkl-1awxwuwd3z9j1z3puu7rcgdbx \
172.17.0.2:2377
To add a manager to this swarm, run 'docker swarm join-token manager' and follow the instructions.
```
`docker swarm init` generates two random tokens, a worker token and a manager token. When you join
a new node to the swarm, the node joins as a worker or manager node based upon the token you pass
to [swarm join](swarm_join.md).
After you create the swarm, you can display or rotate the token using
[swarm join-token](swarm_join_token.md).
### `--autolock`
This flag enables automatic locking of managers with an encryption key. The
private keys and data stored by all managers will be protected by the
encryption key printed in the output, and will not be accessible without it.
Thus, it is very important to store this key in order to activate a manager
after it restarts. The key can be passed to `docker swarm unlock` to reactivate
the manager. Autolock can be disabled by running
`docker swarm update --autolock=false`. After disabling it, the encryption key
is no longer required to start the manager, and it will start up on its own
without user intervention.
### `--cert-expiry`
This flag sets the validity period for node certificates.
### `--dispatcher-heartbeat`
This flag sets the frequency with which nodes are told to use as a
period to report their health.
### `--external-ca`
This flag sets up the swarm to use an external CA to issue node certificates. The value takes
the form `protocol=X,url=Y`. The value for `protocol` specifies what protocol should be used
to send signing requests to the external CA. Currently, the only supported value is `cfssl`.
The URL specifies the endpoint where signing requests should be submitted.
### `--force-new-cluster`
Split advertised address from listen address There are currently problems with "swarm init" and "swarm join" when an explicit --listen-addr flag is not provided. swarmkit defaults to finding the IP address associated with the default route, and in cloud setups this is often the wrong choice. Introduce a notion of "advertised address", with the client flag --advertise-addr, and the daemon flag --swarm-default-advertise-addr to provide a default. The default listening address is now 0.0.0.0, but a valid advertised address must be detected or specified. If no explicit advertised address is specified, error out if there is more than one usable candidate IP address on the system. This requires a user to explicitly choose instead of letting swarmkit make the wrong choice. For the purposes of this autodetection, we ignore certain interfaces that are unlikely to be relevant (currently docker*). The user is also required to choose a listen address on swarm init if they specify an explicit advertise address that is a hostname or an IP address that's not local to the system. This is a requirement for overlay networking. Also support specifying interface names to --listen-addr, --advertise-addr, and the daemon flag --swarm-default-advertise-addr. This will fail if the interface has multiple IP addresses (unless it has a single IPv4 address and a single IPv6 address - then we resolve the tie in favor of IPv4). This change also exposes the node's externally-reachable address in docker info, as requested by #24017. Make corresponding API and CLI docs changes. Signed-off-by: Aaron Lehmann <aaron.lehmann@docker.com>
2016-06-30 21:07:35 -04:00
This flag forces an existing node that was part of a quorum that was lost to restart as a single node Manager without losing its data.
### `--listen-addr`
The node listens for inbound swarm manager traffic on this address. The default is to listen on
Split advertised address from listen address There are currently problems with "swarm init" and "swarm join" when an explicit --listen-addr flag is not provided. swarmkit defaults to finding the IP address associated with the default route, and in cloud setups this is often the wrong choice. Introduce a notion of "advertised address", with the client flag --advertise-addr, and the daemon flag --swarm-default-advertise-addr to provide a default. The default listening address is now 0.0.0.0, but a valid advertised address must be detected or specified. If no explicit advertised address is specified, error out if there is more than one usable candidate IP address on the system. This requires a user to explicitly choose instead of letting swarmkit make the wrong choice. For the purposes of this autodetection, we ignore certain interfaces that are unlikely to be relevant (currently docker*). The user is also required to choose a listen address on swarm init if they specify an explicit advertise address that is a hostname or an IP address that's not local to the system. This is a requirement for overlay networking. Also support specifying interface names to --listen-addr, --advertise-addr, and the daemon flag --swarm-default-advertise-addr. This will fail if the interface has multiple IP addresses (unless it has a single IPv4 address and a single IPv6 address - then we resolve the tie in favor of IPv4). This change also exposes the node's externally-reachable address in docker info, as requested by #24017. Make corresponding API and CLI docs changes. Signed-off-by: Aaron Lehmann <aaron.lehmann@docker.com>
2016-06-30 21:07:35 -04:00
0.0.0.0:2377. It is also possible to specify a network interface to listen on that interface's
address; for example `--listen-addr eth0:2377`.
Specifying a port is optional. If the value is a bare IP address or interface
Split advertised address from listen address There are currently problems with "swarm init" and "swarm join" when an explicit --listen-addr flag is not provided. swarmkit defaults to finding the IP address associated with the default route, and in cloud setups this is often the wrong choice. Introduce a notion of "advertised address", with the client flag --advertise-addr, and the daemon flag --swarm-default-advertise-addr to provide a default. The default listening address is now 0.0.0.0, but a valid advertised address must be detected or specified. If no explicit advertised address is specified, error out if there is more than one usable candidate IP address on the system. This requires a user to explicitly choose instead of letting swarmkit make the wrong choice. For the purposes of this autodetection, we ignore certain interfaces that are unlikely to be relevant (currently docker*). The user is also required to choose a listen address on swarm init if they specify an explicit advertise address that is a hostname or an IP address that's not local to the system. This is a requirement for overlay networking. Also support specifying interface names to --listen-addr, --advertise-addr, and the daemon flag --swarm-default-advertise-addr. This will fail if the interface has multiple IP addresses (unless it has a single IPv4 address and a single IPv6 address - then we resolve the tie in favor of IPv4). This change also exposes the node's externally-reachable address in docker info, as requested by #24017. Make corresponding API and CLI docs changes. Signed-off-by: Aaron Lehmann <aaron.lehmann@docker.com>
2016-06-30 21:07:35 -04:00
name, the default port 2377 will be used.
### `--advertise-addr`
Split advertised address from listen address There are currently problems with "swarm init" and "swarm join" when an explicit --listen-addr flag is not provided. swarmkit defaults to finding the IP address associated with the default route, and in cloud setups this is often the wrong choice. Introduce a notion of "advertised address", with the client flag --advertise-addr, and the daemon flag --swarm-default-advertise-addr to provide a default. The default listening address is now 0.0.0.0, but a valid advertised address must be detected or specified. If no explicit advertised address is specified, error out if there is more than one usable candidate IP address on the system. This requires a user to explicitly choose instead of letting swarmkit make the wrong choice. For the purposes of this autodetection, we ignore certain interfaces that are unlikely to be relevant (currently docker*). The user is also required to choose a listen address on swarm init if they specify an explicit advertise address that is a hostname or an IP address that's not local to the system. This is a requirement for overlay networking. Also support specifying interface names to --listen-addr, --advertise-addr, and the daemon flag --swarm-default-advertise-addr. This will fail if the interface has multiple IP addresses (unless it has a single IPv4 address and a single IPv6 address - then we resolve the tie in favor of IPv4). This change also exposes the node's externally-reachable address in docker info, as requested by #24017. Make corresponding API and CLI docs changes. Signed-off-by: Aaron Lehmann <aaron.lehmann@docker.com>
2016-06-30 21:07:35 -04:00
This flag specifies the address that will be advertised to other members of the
swarm for API access and overlay networking. If unspecified, Docker will check
if the system has a single IP address, and use that IP address with the
Split advertised address from listen address There are currently problems with "swarm init" and "swarm join" when an explicit --listen-addr flag is not provided. swarmkit defaults to finding the IP address associated with the default route, and in cloud setups this is often the wrong choice. Introduce a notion of "advertised address", with the client flag --advertise-addr, and the daemon flag --swarm-default-advertise-addr to provide a default. The default listening address is now 0.0.0.0, but a valid advertised address must be detected or specified. If no explicit advertised address is specified, error out if there is more than one usable candidate IP address on the system. This requires a user to explicitly choose instead of letting swarmkit make the wrong choice. For the purposes of this autodetection, we ignore certain interfaces that are unlikely to be relevant (currently docker*). The user is also required to choose a listen address on swarm init if they specify an explicit advertise address that is a hostname or an IP address that's not local to the system. This is a requirement for overlay networking. Also support specifying interface names to --listen-addr, --advertise-addr, and the daemon flag --swarm-default-advertise-addr. This will fail if the interface has multiple IP addresses (unless it has a single IPv4 address and a single IPv6 address - then we resolve the tie in favor of IPv4). This change also exposes the node's externally-reachable address in docker info, as requested by #24017. Make corresponding API and CLI docs changes. Signed-off-by: Aaron Lehmann <aaron.lehmann@docker.com>
2016-06-30 21:07:35 -04:00
listening port (see `--listen-addr`). If the system has multiple IP addresses,
`--advertise-addr` must be specified so that the correct address is chosen for
inter-manager communication and overlay networking.
It is also possible to specify a network interface to advertise that interface's address;
for example `--advertise-addr eth0:2377`.
Specifying a port is optional. If the value is a bare IP address or interface
Split advertised address from listen address There are currently problems with "swarm init" and "swarm join" when an explicit --listen-addr flag is not provided. swarmkit defaults to finding the IP address associated with the default route, and in cloud setups this is often the wrong choice. Introduce a notion of "advertised address", with the client flag --advertise-addr, and the daemon flag --swarm-default-advertise-addr to provide a default. The default listening address is now 0.0.0.0, but a valid advertised address must be detected or specified. If no explicit advertised address is specified, error out if there is more than one usable candidate IP address on the system. This requires a user to explicitly choose instead of letting swarmkit make the wrong choice. For the purposes of this autodetection, we ignore certain interfaces that are unlikely to be relevant (currently docker*). The user is also required to choose a listen address on swarm init if they specify an explicit advertise address that is a hostname or an IP address that's not local to the system. This is a requirement for overlay networking. Also support specifying interface names to --listen-addr, --advertise-addr, and the daemon flag --swarm-default-advertise-addr. This will fail if the interface has multiple IP addresses (unless it has a single IPv4 address and a single IPv6 address - then we resolve the tie in favor of IPv4). This change also exposes the node's externally-reachable address in docker info, as requested by #24017. Make corresponding API and CLI docs changes. Signed-off-by: Aaron Lehmann <aaron.lehmann@docker.com>
2016-06-30 21:07:35 -04:00
name, the default port 2377 will be used.
### `--data-path-addr`
This flag specifies the address that global scope network drivers will publish towards
other nodes in order to reach the containers running on this node.
Using this parameter it is then possible to separate the container's data traffic from the
management traffic of the cluster.
If unspecified, Docker will use the same IP address or interface that is used for the
advertise address.
### `--task-history-limit`
This flag sets up task history retention limit.
### `--max-snapshots`
This flag sets the number of old Raft snapshots to retain in addition to the
current Raft snapshots. By default, no old snapshots are retained. This option
may be used for debugging, or to store old snapshots of the swarm state for
disaster recovery purposes.
### `--snapshot-interval`
This flag specifies how many log entries to allow in between Raft snapshots.
Setting this to a higher number will trigger snapshots less frequently.
Snapshots compact the Raft log and allow for more efficient transfer of the
state to new managers. However, there is a performance cost to taking snapshots
frequently.
### `--availability`
This flag specifies the availability of the node at the time the node joins a master.
Possible availability values are `active`, `pause`, or `drain`.
This flag is useful in certain situations. For example, a cluster may want to have
dedicated manager nodes that are not served as worker nodes. This could be achieved
by passing `--availability=drain` to `docker swarm init`.
## Related commands
* [swarm ca](swarm_ca.md)
* [swarm join](swarm_join.md)
* [swarm join-token](swarm_join_token.md)
* [swarm leave](swarm_leave.md)
* [swarm unlock](swarm_unlock.md)
* [swarm unlock-key](swarm_unlock_key.md)
* [swarm update](swarm_update.md)